PASSERINE BIRDS OF NEW YORK 187 



edgings of the wing coverts, secondaries and tertiaries are of a vinaceous cin- 

 namon which rapidly fades. Below, white, buff tinged on sides of head, across 

 throat and on sides, streaked on sides of chin, across jugulum and on sides and 

 flanks with russet bordered by clove-brown which is veiled by overlapping 

 whitish feather edgings. Superciliary line ashy gray. No yellow above the 

 eye. 



4. FIRST NUPTIAL PLUMAGE acquired by a partial prenuptial 

 moult which involves the head, throat, and part of the breast, 

 and a few stray feathers of the other tracts but neither the wings 

 nor the tail. The chin and throat become whiter, the streakings 

 on them darker and the yellow of the superciliary line is ac- 

 quired. Elsewhere the buffy tints fade out and the streakings 

 become more prominent owing to the abrasion which exposes 

 the darker colors beneath the veiling. The prenuptial moult 

 begins in February lasting through March in the vicinity of New 

 York city, young birds and old becoming practically indistin- 

 guishable. 



5. ADULT WINTER PLUMAGE acquired by a complete post- 

 nuptial moult in August. Indistinguishable with certainty from 

 first winter dress but usually grayer or more hoary above, the 

 russet deeper on trie wings and everywhere less suffused with 

 buff. Some specimens are tinged with yellow above the eye. 



6. ADULT NUPTIAL PLUMAGE acquired by a partial prenuptial 

 moult as in the young bird. 



Female. The sexes are practically indistinguishable although 

 females will average rather browner and duller ; and the moults 

 are identical, the prenuptial of the female however more limited 

 than that of the male. 



Ammodramus sandwichensis savanna (Wils.). 

 SAVANNA SPARROW 



1. NATAL DOWN. No specimen seen. 



2. JUVENAL PLUMAGE acquired by a complete postnatal moult. 



Similar in pattern and coloration to A. princeps, but everywhere darker. Above 

 clay-color or deep buff prevails with dark streaking, darkest on pileum ; the 

 wing feather edgings are darker than those of princeps the secondaries and ter- 

 tiaries being walnut-brown. Below, and to a certain extent above, and about 

 the head, a buff suffusion replaces the paler yellowish tints of princeps. 



