PASSERINE BIRDS OF NEW YORK 261 



3. FIRST WINTER PLUMAGE acquired by a partial postjuvenal 

 moult, beginning the middle of July, which involves the body 

 plumage and wing coverts, but not the rest of the wings nor the 

 tail. 



Above, deep bice-green, partly concealing cinereous gray which is conspicuous on 

 the rump and upper tail coverts, the latter and the feathers of the back often 

 black centrally. The wing coverts with bluish cinereous gray edgings ; two 

 wing bands white, faintly tinged with canary-yellow. Below, white, strongly 

 washed except on chin, abdomen and crissum with primrose-yellow, the sides 

 and flanks streaked obscurely with dull black. Superciliary line primrose- 

 yellow ; lores and orbital regions whitish ; a dusky transocular streak. 



4. FIRST NUPTIAL PLUMAGE acquired by a partial prenuptial 

 .moult which involves much of the body plumage and wing co- 

 verts, but not the rest of the wings nor the tail. The grayish 

 cerulean blue, the black streaks on the back and the white 

 wing bands are acquired ; below, the plumage is white with a 

 narrow bluish black band on the throat and the sides distinctly 

 streaked. Young and old become practically indistinguishable, 

 except by the duller wings and tail of the Juvenal dress. 



5. ADULT WINTER PLUMAGE acquired by a complete post- 

 nuptial moult in July. Differs from first winter in being much 

 bluer and whiter, the wings and tail blacker and the edgings 

 a bluer gray. Resembles the adult nuptial, but rather grayer on 

 the back and the throat band incomplete. 



6. ADULT NUPTIAL PLUMAGE acquired by a partial prenuptial 

 moult as in the young bird. 



Female. The plumages and moults correspond to those of 

 the male. In Juvenal plumage the edgings of the wings and tail 

 are greener tinged than those of the male. In first winter plum- 

 age the green above is duller and the black of the back and tail 

 .coverts is lacking ; below there is more yellow and the side 

 streaks are obscure. The first nuptial plumage is acquired by 

 a moult limited chiefly to the head and throat which become 

 bluer and whiter respectively. Later plumages are brighter, but 

 green always replaces the blue of the male. 



