PASSERINE BIRDS OF NEW YORK 295 



3. FIRST WINTER PLUMAGE acquired by a partial postjuvenal 

 moult, beginning the middle of August, which involves the body 

 plumage and the wing coverts, and not the rest of the wings nor 

 the tail, young and old becoming practically indistinguishable. 



Above, very similar to the previous plumage, the brown usually grayer with dusky 

 and whitish barring on the back. Below, pale cinnamon, the throat and breast 

 obscurely streaked with white, the flanks, abdomen and crissum distinctly barred 

 with russet, dull black and white alternating on each feather and producing a 

 dusky appearance. Orbital ring and superciliary line clear pale buff. 



4. FIRST NUPTIAL PLUMAGE acquired by wear effecting but 

 little change in the colors except a slight paling. 



5. ADULT WINTER PLUMAGE acquired by a complete postnup- 

 tial moult in August. Practically indistinguishable from first 

 winter dress, perhaps grayer on an average, and more heavily 

 barred. 



6. ADULT NUPTIAL PLUMAGE acquired by wear as in the 

 young bird. 



Female. The sexes are indistinguishable and the moults are 

 alike. 



Cistothorus stellaris (LIGHT.). SHORT-BILLED MARSH WREN 



1. NATAL DOWN. No specimen seen. 



2. JUVENAL PLUMAGE acquired by a complete postnatal moult. 



Above, dull black on the pileum and back, the nape sepia, the rump and upper -tail 

 coverts russet ; streaked anteriorly with white, barred on the rump and wings 

 with black, white and cinnamon, palest on the primaries ; the tail drab, mottled 

 rather than barred with black. Below, including sides of the head, ochraceous 

 buff palest on the chin and throat and washed strongly on the sides, flanks and 

 crissum with cinnamon, the feathers whitish centrally and terminally. Bill and 

 feet pinkish buff becoming deep sepia 



3. FIRST WINTER PLUMAGE acquired by a partial postjuvenal 

 moult beginning about the middle of August which involves 

 the body plumage and wing coverts, probably the tertiaries, but 

 not the rest of the wings nor the tail. 



Similar to the previous plumage, the forehead largely sepia-brown and conspicuous 

 white stripes on the crown. Below, the ochraceous wash is deeper including 

 a pectoral band and a few black and white bars occur on the flanks. The ter- 

 tiaries are distinctly black, edged and barred with white, russet bordered. 



