148 



THE SEX-COMPLEX 



So-called 

 ' pseudo- 

 herm- 

 aphroditism ' 



General 

 description 

 of conditions 

 obtaining in 

 tubular 

 partial 

 herm- 

 aphroditism. 



Tubular 

 partial 

 herm- 

 aphrodites 

 usually 

 male gonads. 



Tubular Partial Hermaphroditism. Tubular 

 partial hermaphroditism is the modern name for the 

 variety of hermaphroditism which has been known, 

 since Klebs' classification, as 'pseudohermaphroditism '. 

 The subdivisions, according to the anomalies met with, 

 adopted by this author, hold good for tubular herma- 

 phroditism. These subdivisions and the contained 

 abnormalities are set forth in the table given above. 

 It is, too, the custom in the present day to follow Klebs 

 in regard to the criteria of sex ; that is to say, a male 

 tubular partial hermaphrodite is indicated by the 

 testicular character of the gonads, and a female by the 

 ovarian structures present. We shall see presently 

 that this arbitrary ruling is open to very serious objec- 

 tions in many cases. 



No useful purpose would be served by a discussion 

 here of the details of the different varieties shown in the 

 table (p. 136), for the relation of all these monstrosities 

 to the principles of sex-determination and sex -character- 

 ization is the same, and what is said of one variety 

 applies to the others, respectively for the different 

 sexes. 



The ' atypical sexe-ensemble ', as Berry Hart 1 terms 

 it, of the genital ducts and external genitalia is 

 contrasted with the gonads ; and it is interesting to 

 observe that in these circumstances the secondary 

 characteristics the distribution of hair on the body, 

 contour of the limbs and trunk, breasts, psychical 

 attributes, and the rest are, almost invariably, of the 

 sex-character opposite to that of the gonads. This is 

 a well-known fact and one which explains why these 

 subjects are so frequently brought up as, and pass for, 

 members of the sex different from that indicated by the 

 gonads ; but it is a fact which has not been sufficiently 

 emphasized, as we shall see presently. 



Another most interesting point is that the gonads, 

 in a very large proportion of all cases of tubular partial 

 hermaphroditism, are testicular in structure : the 

 1 Hart, ~Berry,Edin. Med. Journ., 1914, NewSer., vol. xiii, p. 295. 



