EWES AND LAMBS. 33 



and where the pastures are extensive, to reduce the size and in- 

 crease the number of the fields. Where the pasture is an open, 

 unfenced tract, the flock should be driven some distance to a new 

 locality every month. 



The attention of the shepherd during the summer season will be 

 constantly exercised in seeing that every portion of the flock re- 

 ceives a proper share of the pasture, that the pasture is not over- 

 stocked ; that proper shelter is provided from midday heats ; that 

 failure in pasture is immediately remedied by a supply of fresh 

 green fodder or extra food, such as wheat-bran, oil-cake-meal, or 

 corn-meal ; that pure water is supplied at least twice a day; that 

 a certain portion of salt, or a mixture of salt and sulphur is pro- 

 vided and given regularly ; that on the first symptom of indispo- 

 sition, affected sheep are removed from the flock to some place 

 where they may receive proper care and medicine; that the 

 attacks of flies are warded off by proper preventives ; that para- 

 sitic enemies are destroyed, and hi short hi caring in every possi- 

 ble way for the welfare of his charge, watching closely for the 

 most minute evidence of the first symptom of trouble that may 

 occur, always remembering that "an ounce of prevention is 

 worth a pound of cure." To this end he should study closely the 

 habits of his sheep in health, make himself thoroughly acquainted 

 with the symptoms of disease and the habits and methods of at- 

 tacks of those living enemies which trouble the flock, and be pre- 

 pared by adequate and exact knowledge of the proper preventives 

 and remedies, to apply them instantly, correctly, and effectively. 



CHAPTEE III. 

 MANAGEMENT OF EWES AND LAMBS. 



In the management of sheep, how to procure the most profit 

 from the flock is the greatest consideration. It is not exactly how 

 to increase the flock most rapidly, nor to produce the heaviest 

 carcasses or fleeces, but to produce such animals as will return the 

 most money for the expenditure and labor involved. In some lo- 

 calities the sale of an early lamb will bring in more money than 

 that of the mother with its fleece. Where there is a market 

 for lambs, it is evidently the most profitable to keep such sheep, 



