DISEASES OF THE LUNGS. 191 



fully tended and housed than usual, are found to be more subject 

 to it than others. Of two flocks equally well fed, but one of 

 which is carefully shut up every night and protected (?) from every 

 draft of fresh air, and another whose bed is the snow in an open, 

 airy, dry yard, it will be the first that will be troubled with cough 

 and discharge from the nose, while the latter will be free from it. 

 Fresh air, ample ventilation in partly open sheds, dry yards and 

 clean, dry bedding, and protection from chilling rain-storms in 

 winter, with whatever protection may be needed immediately after 

 shearing, should the weather be cold and rainy, will generally be 

 amply sufficient to prevent any trouble from this complaint. Chas- 

 ing by dogs and consequent over-heating, and over-driving, are 

 certain causes, and these should be carefully avoided. The judg- 

 ment of the shepherd should be exercised in exceptional cases, act- 

 ing always under the general rule that dry cold is rarely hurtful 

 to sheep, while they suffer from wet or damp cold, and that moist, 

 warm, steamy, close atmosphere, especially when confined in sta- 

 bles, will inevitably produce cold or catarrh, which if not at once 

 remedied will generally result in serious disorders of the lungs. 

 This disease consists of inflammation of the lining membrane of 

 the throat, windpipe, nostrils, and the sinuses of the head. It 

 produces an increase of the secretion of mucus and consequent ir- 

 ritation and coughing. When long continued, the cough becomes 

 dry and deep seated, showing that the lungs are involved. 



The treatment consists in removal of the causes, good nursing, ad- 

 ministering slightly warm mucilaginous drinks, as oat-meal gruel or 

 linseed tea, along with a gentle stimulant, such as half a teaspoonful 

 of ground ginger. The antiseptic effect of a small quantity of clean 

 pine tar rubbed upon the sheep's nose, some of which the animal 

 will lick off and swallow, will be beneficial. If there is fever, and 

 the nose is dry and hot, the following may be given, viz : 



Epsom Salts !/ a ounce. 



Saltpeter 1 dram. 



Ground Ginger 1 dram. 



This should be mixed with molasses and placed on the back part of 

 the tongue with a long, narrow bladed wooden knife or spatula. 

 The animal's head should be held up until the whole is swallowed 

 in repeated small quantities. Or the dose may be mixed with 

 thin gruel and administered by means of a small horn. 



Bronchitis is simply a deep-seated catarrh which affects the bron- 

 chial tubes or air passages in the body of the lungs. It is danger- 

 ous, inasmuch as the inflammation readily spreads and affects the 

 lungs. In bronchitis the cough is more severe than in catarrh, 



