1580 CRUSTACEA. 



first of these genera is not known in the north. Halicarcinus charac- 

 terizes the south but not the north. Hippolyte and Crangon are 

 common in the north, and have not jet been detected in the south. 

 Lithodes is common to both. Eurypodius is wholly southern, but has 

 its analogue in Oregonia of Northwest America. If then we were to 

 characterize the kingdoms by any of the species, we should call the 

 Arctic, the Hippolyte kingdom, about half of the known species of the 

 genus Hippolyte being Arctic ; and the southern, the Scrolls kingdom. 

 The names imply a higher zoological rank for the Arctic than the 

 Antarctic Seas. 



The Arctic kingdom is naturally divided into three provinces. One 

 occupying the North Atlantic Ocean ; one corresponding, north of the 

 Pacific; and the third, a Polar province. The limits of the Polar 

 province we cannot exactly lay down. But the more Frigid seas 

 which afford only Tetradecapods (and perhaps a species or so of Deca- 

 pods) should be considered as constituting a distinct province from 

 that in which species of Hipp&lyte and Crangon are common. These 

 provinces are the Norwegian, the Camtschatican, and the North Polar. 



The Norwegian includes the coast of Norway and Iceland, with a 

 part probably of Greenland; characterized by Lithodes maia, Hyas 

 araneus, Bernhardm pubescens, Galathea rugosa, Crangon lar, C. 7-cari- 

 natus, and many species of Hippolyte, etc. The Camtschatican 

 comprises Kamtschatka, the Aleutian Islands, and the neighbouring 

 part of the North American coast, and extending it may be some 

 distance beyond Behring's Straits, and is characterized by the Lithodes 

 camschatica, Telmessus chirogonus, Bernhardus splendescens, Crangon 

 salebrosus, Hippolyte armata, H. cornuta. 



In these Polar seas, the species have often a wide range, and pro- 

 bably pass from one ocean to the other through the Polar oceans. Thus 

 Crangon boreas, Carcinas mcenas, Pagurus streblonyx, Hippolyte acu- 

 leatits, are not only found on opposite sides of the Atlantic, but also in 

 the North Pacific. 



The Antarctic kingdom may also consist of three provinces : 



1. The FUEGIAN Province, including Fuegia, the Falklands, South 

 Georgia; and characterized by Lithodes antarctica, L. verrucosa, L. 

 granulata, species of Eurypodius* Halicarcinus, Galathea, SpJieroma, 

 and Serolis. 



* The species of Eurypodius probably belong more especially to the South Patagonian 

 or the Araucanian province, although occurring also in the Fuegian. 



