9 



from the base of each horn, which enlarges below into a prominent rib, 

 which encloses the alveolus of the canine tusk. In front of the horns 

 the muzzle is roof-like ; anteriorly it flattens out, and swells a little 

 above the posterior end of the nasal meatus. In front of this it expands 

 again, and rises gently to the extremity of the bi-lobed nasal shovel, which 

 overhangs the premaxillaries, the nasal meatus and the greater part of 

 the apex of the nasal bones. The latter is short and with a wide base and 

 resembles two lateral cones flattened together, their extremities obliquely 

 truncate outwards and excavated. The composition of the upper surface 

 of the cranium is somewhat difficult to determine, owing to the injured 

 state of the posterior part. If we regard the bone which bounds the 

 lachrymal behind and above, as frontal, as I did in originally describing 

 the species, it gives an extraordinary extent to the nasals, for the com- 

 mon suture of these bones extends Y-shaped backwards, to a point 

 opposite to the middle of the zygomatic arches. It gives to the nasals 

 an extent equal to that of the frontals and parietals combined. They 

 not only support the anterior shovels but form the inner half of the 

 median horn-cores, rising as high as the tuberosity above described. To 

 regard these bones as frontals would involve the improbable peculiarity 

 of their extending beyond the nareal orifices, and the terminal cone of 

 the nasals is not separated from them by suture. The question is decided 

 in favor of their being nasals, by those bones as preserved in Eobasileus 

 pressicorniSj Cope, where the shovel is represented by a tubercle only on 

 the side of a continuous nasal. The immense -length of the snout in Loxo- 

 loplwn looks as though the nasal bones had extended themselves for- 

 ward, so as to ossify the basal portions of an elephantine proboscis. 



The frontals descend behind the horns, with a very obtuse or rounded 

 continuation, to the inner side of the fossa, and without any superciliary 

 margin. They form with the posterior part of the nasals a shallow me- 

 dian basin. The suture with the parietals is very indistinct, but if I 

 have truly discovered it, it forms another posteriorly directed chevron, 

 and leaves but a narrow superciliary portion of the frontals. Above the 

 postglenoid processes the parietals rise again to the transverse occipital 

 crest, but to what height is uncertain. At the mastoid region, the 

 cranium widens a little, and is excavated at the sides by the temporal 

 fossae. Near where the lateral and posterior crests join the inferior ridge- 

 like border of the temporal fossa, in front of a position occupied by a 

 knob in E. pressicornis, is a strong horn-core with sub-cylindric base. 

 It stands obliquely backwards towards the junction of the inferior 

 squamosal and transverse crests, and is connected to these by an oblique 

 ridge, one side of which is marked with irregular, short, longitudinal 

 rugosities. At the base of these elevations are three sinuses. This por- 

 tion was found close to the skull, but separated from it, and the precise 

 mode of its attachment has not been discovered by actual fit. 



The occiput rises upwards for four inches above the condyles; perhaps 

 it displayed a posteriorly sloping transverse crest as in E. pressicorms. 



