PRACTICAL AGRICULTURE. 



55 



of some kind of heavy wood, that they may operate 

 as a counterweight to the head, the soc, and the 

 mouldboard. 



To these remarks we subjoin two sets of experi- 

 ments, made with the most approved French and 

 English ploughs, that of Guillaume and Small's 

 Rotheram plough improved, which furnish a means of 

 comparison between the best ploughs of Europe and 

 those of this country. 



The resistance (stated in these tables) was meas- 

 ured and ascertained by a dynonometer, a machine 

 indispensable to those who would make correct ob- 

 servations on the relative advantages of different 

 ploughs. 



THE FRENCH PLOUGH. 



Resistance in pounds. 



1st experiment 200 



2d 

 3d 

 4th 

 5th 



Divided by 5)1080 

 Average 



240 2d 

 2003d 

 2204th 

 220 5th 

 6th 

 7th 

 8th 

 216 9th 



THE ENGLISH PLOUGH. 



Resistance in pounds. 

 1st experiment 



360 

 380 

 480 

 460 

 400 

 400 

 420 

 386 

 440 



Divided by 9)3720 

 Average . .413 



II. The Harrow. This is of different kinds ; the 

 triangular and the square, the single and the double. 

 But, of whatever form, its uses are the same ; to 

 smooth the field after ploughing, to break and pul- 

 verize the clods, and to cover the seed. These 

 uses sufficiently indicate the propriety of employ- 

 ing two in succession ; one of heavy frame, with 

 few and long teeth, like the Scotch break; the 

 other of lighter construction, with more and short- 

 er teeth. Our own experience leads us to believe 

 that the common harrow covers the seed too much, 



