228 GARDENING. 



adhering to it. When the first is full and verdant, 

 and when the last separates readily from the stem, 

 the operation cannot be ill timed. 



7. Of propagation by mixing the farinas of different 

 sorts. This mode (which, by-the-way, is only a 

 qualification of the first) is of late discovery, and 

 has not yet been much practised. We are, howev- 

 er, assured that it has already produced many new 

 and excellent varieties ; and, according to Loudon, 

 it consists " in cutting out the stamens of the blos- 

 soms to be impregnated, and afterward, when the 

 stigma is mature, introducing the pollen of the other 

 parent." By this process the discoverer (Mr. Knight) 

 has obtained the Doivnton. red and yellow Ingestrie, 

 Grange. JBnndgwood, and Siberian pippins. The four 

 first named of these were produced by crossing the 

 orange and the golden pippin ; the fifth by crossing 

 the golden pippin and the golden Harvey : and the 

 sixth by crossing the Siberian crab and the pear- 

 main.* The only important rule laid down for this 

 method is " to select for crossing those varieties 

 whose qualities most nearly resemble each other ;" 

 as many observations show that where the differ- 

 ence between the sorts employed is great (even in 



* This, and another seedling from the same parents, called 

 the yellow Siberian, are, according to Knight's test (the specific 

 gravity of the juices), the best cider apples yet known ; " the 

 gravity of the one being 1079, and that of the other 1085, water 

 being 'lOOO." London's Catalogue of Apples.* 



* Subsequent, probably, to Loudon's publication, the specific 

 gravity of the juice of the Downton pippin was ascertained to 

 be 1080. Mr. Knight also produced, in 1807-8, two new varie- 

 ties, the Siberian Harvey and the Foxlty Apple ; the first affording 

 the heaviest juice ever known, it being 1091 : that of the latter 

 was 1080. See Knight on the Apple and Pear; also" Hints," 

 <c.. by W. Salisbury. 



The celebrity of Mr. Knight's new varieties of apples induced 

 me to send to England for them in 1823 ; and I have now grow- 

 ing in my garden the Downton and Grange pippins, the Siberian 

 Harvey, Foxley Apple, and some others not named above. F,d 



