FRUIT GARDEN. 275 



and increasing, at the same time, its disposition to 

 bear fruit. , Fortunately, both objects are readily at- 

 tainable by partial decortication ; by tight and long- 

 continued ligatures round the branches ; by ringing, 

 as already described ; and with better effect and 

 greater facility, by training the branches perpen- 

 dicularly, or nearly so, downward.* The time for 

 pruning the mulberry is in the spring, because it is 

 then you can best distinguish the blossom buds from 

 others. Pinch off every barren shoot, and shorten 

 every bearing one (not wanted to cover the wall) at 

 the third or fourth leaf; it being well known that 

 the bud immediately below the point where the 

 branch is shortened will give fruit the following 

 year. 



The RASPBERRY (Rubus). Of this plant there are 

 two species, subjects of garden culture : the Ideus, 

 propagated for its fruit ; the Odoralus, for its per- 

 fume and its rose-coloured flowers. It is only of 

 the varieties of the former that we shall now speak. 

 These are, 1st, the Wood Raspberry, giving a fruit 

 small and sweet, increasing in size, but diminishing 

 in flavour, under cultivation. 2d, the large common 

 Raspberry (both red and white), giving good fruit, 

 and a great deal of it, if favourably situated and 

 well managed. In rich and shaded soils it loses 

 much of its flavour; and in those freely manured 

 with stable dung, becomes disagreeable to the taste. 

 3d, the Large Red and the Large White Antwerp, de- 

 cidedly superior to the preceding sorts, but more 

 troublesome, as they are not productive but when 

 laid down and protected from the winter frosts. 

 And, 4th. the Cane Stock, regarded on the whole as 

 the fittest for the main crop. 



This plant is a native of cold and mountainous 

 regions, and. of course, succeeds best when placed 

 on the north sides of hills, or in borders a little 



* Hort. Trans., vol. iii., p. 63. No tree submits to this form 

 more readily, or to more advantage, than the mulberry. 



