PREVENTIVE A.\I> roMIiATIVE MEAs,t UKs. 65 



(4) Removal ami destruction of dead parts of plants carrying 

 sporocarps or other hibernating stages of any fungus. 



II. Methods for combating fungi by removal of diseased 

 plants or plant-organs. 



(1) Removal of the parts of a host-plant harbouring fini-i. 



C2) Removal of the whole or part of a complementary b 

 of a heteroecious fungus, for the purpose of saving the other 

 host or hosts. 



III. The avoidance or removal of conditions \vhirh favour 

 infection. 



(1) Preventive measures against wound infection : antiseptic 

 and aseptic wound-treatment. 



(2) Avoidance of localities favourable to disease. 



(3) Avoidance of the massing together of plants of the same 

 species and like age; rotation of crops on the same cultivated 

 area. 



(4> Avoidance of neighbourhood of those plants which are 

 hosts of the same heteroecious fungus. 



IV. Selection and cultivation of varieties and species of 

 cultivated plants least liable to the attacks of parasite-. 



I. Extermination and removal of the parasitic fungi alone. 



(1) That the seed be clean and free from the Bporee of 

 parasitic fungi, is a most essential condition. The purity of 

 seed is investigated in seed-control station-, 1 \\here special 

 attention i.- paid to purity of seeds (e.g. clover, from it- 

 liability to contain seeds of the parasitic I (odder), and to their 

 li>->-doiii from .-] Hires of -mm or other fun-i. 



A- a preventive a-ain-t smut, e-pecially those forms due 



1X3 3pecie8 of I'stilagineae, sterili/atioll of the seed is adopted, - 



This is chietly carried out by the u-e of "steeps," \\hich kill 

 the smut-sporefl adherent to the seed. The composition of the 

 steep-lii|iiid, and thf duration of immersion aiv the points to he 

 attended to, and for the-e various recipes are extant. I,'. Tenth 



ij.lr.l Btatione "f tin.- kiinl are t.iirl\ nmini"ii> in <i.iin.in\, l-'i.i' 

 ami i.tln-r .'Hitiii.-nt.il roiin': 111 Aim-ih.1. It i- tlrn- >niiir\\ li.il oin.uk 



.il.li- tii.,1 m r.ritiiin tlii- ini|H.it.int \\..rU i--i-i-i\ - n-> state recognition, I'm i- 



l'-M 111 the li;ini|- lit II in |i--> r\|)i-rii-nrcil ;ni:il\-l-, "I ntli'i I ilt.i 



-Suinjli-. \V. !'. l .i ,un -.-unit - ami tln-ir pr<-\ .-nt mn. " ) 



>/ Agriculture, IMM. A very u-i-ml .-u ary. I 



i 



