I'KKVKNTIVK AN!' < '< >.M HATI VK MEASURES. M 



tin- beech is omitted, and in the more elevated pails spruce 

 alone is planted. The fir alone is attacked l.y /'/>///?/ <tl,i< ////// 

 Aecidium </"//'// /////. Lni>]m<l< ////////// nervisequium, Ti-ir/m.^i/ni, ,-in 

 IHtntsltini ; the spruce, on the other hand, has to itself 

 Lophodermium //ir/r>xj>i>, */,,>, r///-//M//////.<v/ ,//,/, //*. //)//>(////>///" 

 nigra, while both are subject in youth to /',*/<//::/// If<u-ti<i'/i. 

 and later to several wood-destroying funui. 



v ' 



The storing together of crops like apple-, potatoes, onion-. 

 turnips, etc., should be carefully carried out. They should be 

 handled as little as possible, and decaying imlividuals should In- 

 sought out, and destroyed when possible, to save the remainder. 



IV. Selection of hardy varieties. 



An important method for the protection of plants from disease, 

 both from the preventive and remedial side, consists in the 

 selection and cultivation of varieties and species of plants able 

 to resist the attacks of parasitic funui. 



It has already been mentioned that different varieties and 

 species -how different po \\er- of resistance against enemies. A- 

 a further example, we have numerous American 

 whicli are not attacked by downv mildew (l'lxi<n>ii<i , 

 that dangerous enemy of the Kuropean vine of cultivation 

 * r//\ vinifera). Some American vino (e.g. /'///* riparid) 

 are proof against the phylloxera, the root-louse which attack- 

 the root- of Kuropean vines and devastates the vineyards of 

 the wine-producing countries; while, on tin- other hand, othei 

 American vines are no more resistant than the Kuropcan. h, 

 fact, it was tin- importation of those vines into Kumpr |ur 

 experimental cultivation \\hidi brought us both phylloxera and 

 the downy mildew. The cultivation of such di-ea-e-pnm] 

 Species would ensure us immunity from the phylloxera, if it 

 were not that the wine from these vim-- ha- neither the i|iialit\ 

 nor the flavour possessed by the Kuropeaii. ( u this account 

 tin- xraftin^ of Kuropean vine- mi American slock- has been 

 introdiieed, whereby the roots remain unaftacked hv the 

 phylloxera, and the -rape- ,uv nf the appio\ed -tandard. Yen 

 _!oud ie-ults have also been obtained from experiments in 

 hybridi/ation i,f Aim-rieaii and Kuro|iean vine- \\itli the object 

 of obtaining root- from the American parent, and ^ra 



I 



