HIGHKR ITNIJI. 135 



P. oxybaphi. Ell. ami Kell. On various 



P. polygoni, Tliiini. < >n 



P. euphorbiae, Fuck. On 



P. urticae (Lib.). On l'i ti. a, , ;I ,-. 



P. elliptica t-au-<-- ilrath of lilit-s. 1 



B. HIGHER FUNGI (MYCHMVCKTE.S). 



The higher fungi fire distinguished from (lie lower in possessing 



a mycelium, which, from the first, is divided by means of cross- 

 septa. The mycelium of tin- lower fungi. though often much 

 branched, remains unicellular till cross-septa arise on format iin of 

 reproductive organs or in the older -tages of tin- fungus'-' In 

 higher fungi, septation begins with the tirst appearance uf 

 mycelium and extends acropetally, growth in length 

 from the terminal cell. Sexual organs are without doubt 

 in the lower fungi, but amount the higlier forms, Brefcld believe^ 

 that the sexual act no longer exists. On the other hand, certain 

 organ-, tumid especially in the lichens, have been regarded as 

 sexual. 



I>ang>-ard regards the union of cell-nuclei as a .-exual act. 

 and assumes its existence in the a-ci and basidia of higl.ei 



- 



fungi. His more recent investigations on the nuclei of fungi. 

 combined with those of 1'airault and Ilaciborski, have laid tin- 

 way to a new systematic arrangement/ 1 -lust a- aniong-t the 

 lower fungi the cell produced by a -e\ual act contains a nucleus 

 derived from the fusion of two nuclei of distinct origin, so amoi: 

 the higher fungi one also finds cell-nuclei derived from copulation. 

 The investigations of hangcard, Rosen. AVager, 1'airault, and 

 b'aciborski, lead to the conclusion that: 1 "a stage may be 

 found amongst higher, as well as lower fungi, in which two 

 cell-nuclei of one cell copulate. The cells known as oospores 

 of the ftnmi/r,/,*, /ygospuivs ,,f the A ,-<// ,'/// i/i;'f, s and Z</!/<>//> ?/ 



chlamydospores oi 1 the I'.^i/Hi/iinn, , and teleuto>poiv- ( .f the 



1 Smitli. /' a of Lilies, \^^. 



-/>|.f. l>,. /'/'/.., is'.in ; .m.l BeUr&Qi -.. /'/(//-;<.'. n. m, .//./((././//'./ -/// 



Ili-it in,, 1893. 



1 I). IIIL'I -.ml. " Ki-i-lirivlii". .-Ill 1,1 |-i-|in.il. >i-\lli-ll il. rlialhlii-Miili- " /.- 

 /!*,/, ni' ' . Is'.i::. I'.iiialilt ami liai-iln.1 .-ki. " SUT ! m>\.m\ ! I . 

 .I'liir. '/ /,',.' n,ii/in , I sll.'i. 



4 Hiii-iln.1 -ki. /'/.,/', (ergdnzungsband), ISM;,, p. i". 1 ' > 

 I MI r _'!. " U eber period wche Reduk tion i Chr ....... -mm -n/ alii im Rntwickcli 



. I. < h '..cni-.iiii-ii, "lli">. < ' iifi-n/ii/'i". I-IM. [.. sii-j. \\ iger. " Nu ;. .r iliM^i-ni in 

 tin- II \ -IIII-IIIIIIIN i /' /.'..''(/(I/, is'.i:;. p. T.I". 



