294 USTILAGINEAE. 



Ust. grammica B. et B. is reported on haulms of Aira and Glyceric 

 in England. 



Ust. echinata Schroet. produces smut-strips on leaves of Phalnrix 

 nrniiiJiiiih-i'ii. (U.S. Amer.) 



Ust. cynodontis Henn. On Cynodon Dactylon from Simla. 



Ust. arundinellae Bref. On Arundinella near Calcutta. 



Ust. aristidae-cyanthae Bref. On Aristida cyantha from Himalaya. 



Ust. coicis Bref. On Coi.v lurri/ina from Simla. 



Ust. esculenta Henn. 1 causes deformation of plants of Zizania latifoliu 

 in Tonquin and Japan. The deformed parts are eaten, while the spores 

 are used for dying of hair and eye-brows, as well as in the manufacture 

 of a varnish. 



Ust. paspalus-dilatati Henn. On Paspalus dilatatus. 



Ust. olivacea D. C. frequents species of Carex. The olive- 

 brown spore-masses hang loose and fleecy from the destroyed 

 ovary. The spores, according to Brefeld, are produced from 

 long hyphae which become thickened at intervals and broken 

 up by cross-septa into portions corresponding to the future 

 spores. The hyphae, however, are not completely given up to 

 spore-formation, but parts remain and form fine filaments which 

 give the fleecy appearance to the ruptured ovaries. Germina- 

 tion in water results in the formation of a single conidium, a 

 second being rarely formed. In nutritive solutions similar 

 conidia are produced one after another successively, and sprout 

 off conidia in a yeast-like manner without the formation of pro- 

 mycelia. On failure of nutriment, hyphae are finally produced. 



Ust. Vuijkii Oudem. et Beyerk. The ovaries of Luzvl 

 r<n/ij>ixffis become filled with spores, some colourless, some 

 light-brown. The spores germinate in water, giving four-celled 

 promycelia with ovoid conidia, which do not, however, coalesce 

 or develop further, even in nutritive solutions. 



Ust. capensis Rees. In fruit of Juncus. 

 Ust. luzulae Sacc. In fruit of Luzubi. 



Ust. scabiosae (Sow.) 2 (Ust. flosculorum Tul.). (Britain.) The 

 anthers of Knautia and Scabiosa attacked by this fungus become 

 filled with a flesh-coloured to violet spore-powder, and swell 

 to little sacs. The flowers otherwise are but little altered. 

 Brefeld found that spores from Knanti" "rvcnsis germinate 

 easily and abundantly in water, and produce promycelia con- 



1 P. Hennings, Hedwir/ia, 1895; Miyabe, Tokio Botanical Magazine, 1895. 

 - Fischer v. Waldheim, Bof. Zcitnnc/, 1867. 



