461 

 V. ceratophora, Till. Sel. Fung. Carp. II, p. 191. 



Sphceria ceratosperma, Fr. S. M. II, p. 364. 

 Valsa Rosarum, De Not. Sfer. Ital. tab. 42, (sec. Winter). 

 Valsa Rubi, Fckl. Symb. p. 200, V. Rubi, Pk. 28th Rep. p. 72. 

 Valsa excoriansi, C. & E. Grev. VIII, p. 14. 

 Exsicc. Fekl. F. Rh. 606, 1567, 2260. Kze. F. Sel. 346. Rab. F. E. 2867. Rehra Asc. 326, 

 525 Thura. M. U. 870 EH. N. A. F. 496, 864 Cke. F. Brit. Ser. I, 251. 



Stromata scattered, often standing close together, but not con- 

 fluent, orbicular or elliptical, varying from depressed-hemispherical to 

 conical, covered by the epidermis or erumpent, brown outside and 

 staining the adjacent bark the same color. Perithecia 5-20 in a 

 stroma, crowded, globose, small. Ostiola more or less elongated, slen- 

 der, cylindrical, smooth, mostly united at base with their tips more or 

 less spreading. Asci narrow-clavate, sessile, 32-40x4-5 jut. Sporidia 

 biseriate, allantoid, straight or slightly curved, hyaline, 6-8 x l|-2 pu 



On Betula, Quercus, Carya, Amelanchier, Viburnum, Cratae- 

 gus, Acer, Cornus, and Chionanthus, common. 



The ostiola in all the American specc. we have seen, remain 

 short, projecting but little above the epidermis. They are often 

 clavate-thickened above. From a careful examination of the specc. of 

 V. excorians, in our Herb., we cannot separate this species from V. 

 ceratophora, Tul. The sporidia (6-8 x 1J //), and all the other char- 

 acters of V. excorians, agree so well with the specc. of V. cerato- 

 phora in the various Exsiccati, that it cannot safely be separated as 

 specifically distinct. 



V. Americana, B. & C. Grev. IV, p. 102. 



Valsa Alni, Pk. 25th Rep. p. 103. 

 Exsicc. Rav. F. Am. 191. 



Pustules small (1| mm.), flat, covered by the epidermis which is 

 pierced by the small fascicle of short-cylindrical, black ostiola, which 

 are rounded or subcorneal at the apex. Perithecia 3-8 in a stroma, 

 small (J mm.), buried in the thin, inner bark, ovate-globose or sub- 

 angular from mutual pressure, necks short. Asci (p. sp.) oblong-fusoid. 

 20-25 x 5-6 fjt, 8-spored. Sporidia biseriate, allantoid, only very 

 slightly curved, hyaline, 7-8 x l|-2 u. 



On various shrubs and trees, Madura aurantiaca, Alnus. 

 Clethra, Vitis, &c, common. 



V. coronata, (Hoff.) 



Sphczria coronata, Hoff. Veg. Crypt. I, p. 26. 

 Valsa coronata, Fr. Summ. Veg. Scand. p. 412. 



Stromata scattered or approximated and' confluent at base, or- 

 bicular, about 1 mm. broad, convex, scarcely or only slightly proini- 



