STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 4I 



could be made effectively in these two years. The actual num- 

 ber of days when spraying might have been done, so far as 

 the development of the buds was concerned, might have been 

 extended but for the occurrence of rain in one case, and in an- 

 other the intervention of a Sunday with rain on the following 

 Monday. In the present year the majority of orchards in 

 Western New York did not receive the application before the 

 blossoms opened because it was predicted that an application 

 would not be necessary until a certain Monday. The result 

 was that three successive warm days forced the buds at a 

 tremendous rate and by IMonday many of the trees were in 

 full bloom. A very few men began spraying on Friday and 

 Saturday. However, subsequent developments showed that 

 this application of spray was not effective so far as scab was 

 concerned, inasmuch as no infection weather occurred for a 

 period of nearly three weeks thereafter. 



It appears, therefore, from what has just preceded, that 

 there are three variables involved in making a successful 

 application of a fungicide to control scab. These may be enu- 

 merated as follows : First, temperature and its resultant eff'ect 

 on bud development; second, rainfall and attendant atmos- 

 pheric conditions; third, occurrence and development of the 

 scab fungus. It will be seen at once that the inter-relation of 

 these variables leaves the fruit grower with very little option 

 in the matter. It, therefore, behooves him to be prepared to 

 take advantage of every slight opportunity. With these con- 

 siderations in mind some of the accessories that have proved 

 time savers may now be mentioned. 



EQUIPMENT FOR SPRAYING. 



It is not uncommon to find orchardists who require more 

 time to fill their spray tank than to empty it. It must be 

 borne in mind that filling spraying tanks is not spraying. With 

 us it is an exception rather than the rule to find a grower who is 

 able to spray out more than ten lOO-gallon tanks per day, even 

 barring all engine and nozzle troubles. In order to do a thor- 

 ough job of spraying at any time, it requires from six to ten 

 gallons of spray to cover a tree 40 years old. I think you can 



