STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 147 



hence the spray material will more readily come in contact with 

 them. The spray appHcation may also be made in the spring 

 as soon as the buds are swelling and the tips of the new leaves 

 just appear. 



I believe that, owing to the weather conditions and insect 

 fauna of Maine, the spring application would usually be prefer- 

 able. For example, this year the leaves have been very tena- 

 cious and on healthy trees such is usually the case. The pres- 

 ence of these leaves would not only take up much of the spray 

 material, but would also break the force of the spray. An early 

 winter might also interfere with the fall application. In the 

 spring, on the other hand, there will be no leaves to interfere 

 and further, the pruning will have been done. The annual 

 pruning will remove many of the mites. Burn the pruned 

 wood. Again, if lime-sulphur is employed in the spring as the 

 buds are swelling, arsenate of lead might be combined so as to 

 aid in destroying the larvae of the bud moth, if this insect has 

 been troublesome. 



Question : Would "Black Leaf 40" take the place of kero- 

 sene ? 



Mr. Siegler : I have never seen this insecticide recommended. 



In actually applying the spray material special care should be 

 exercised to see that the buds of all the new wood are thor- 

 oughly sprayed, since the mites hibernate beneath their bud 

 scales. If lime-sulphur is employed the buds should be thor- 

 oughly drenched so as to insure its penetration. The oils need 

 not be applied so heavily since they naturally spread more 

 readily, although the work should be thorough. 



There is just one other consideration which I would like to 

 mention. This concerns an angle nozzle or the use of a crook 

 so as to throw the spray at an angle of about 45 degrees from 

 the spray rod. We have had a very good discussion on spray- 

 ing but this point was not brought out. I find that many grow- 

 ers in Maine have not adopted any means to change the angle 

 of the spray material as it comes from the spray rod. I have 

 here a pair of nozzles which illustrate a good type. It is very 

 important, especially in spraying for the codling moth at the 

 time the petals fall, to drive the insecticide from above down- 

 ward, so as to fill every calyx cup. I also find that some grow- 

 ers, even though in possession of power sprayers, employ but 



