STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 175 



I think there are those here who would Hke to see the prac- 

 tical and advantageous features of the modern hive illustrated. 

 This one here, which is from the exhibit, may be demonstrated. 

 It is called the ten frame Langstroth hive. The parts of this 

 hive, beginning at the bottom, are the "|-" bottom board, the 

 body or brood chamber in which all the young bees are reared, 

 and the part above the brood chamber which is called the super 

 and is the place where the honey is stored. Over all there is the 

 cover. The type of cover which is preferred consists of two 

 parts, namely, the inside thin cover, and the outside metal roof 

 telescoping cover. Opening this super, you will see that it con- 

 sists of numerous boxes which bee keepers call section boxes. In 

 this it is that the honey is stored which, when sealed, weighs 

 approximately a pound. These section boxes fit four in a row in 

 what are called section carriers. They are separated, which 

 prevents the bees from building crosswise from box to box by 

 a partition, known as a separator. There are two kinds of sec- 

 tions, square sections and oblong sections. 



Analyzing the brood chamber, it will be seen that it consists 

 of ten frames in which the brood combs are built. This par- 

 ticular frame, as the name of the hive would denote, is called 

 the Langstroth. To keep these frames separated, they are 

 spaced by what bee keepers call the Hoffman self-spacing devise. 

 In each of these frames, bee keepers stretch ware which they 

 imbed into this sheet of foundation. Foundation is merely pure 

 bees wax run out between rollers bearing the impression of the 

 cells. It is the basis or septum of the comb and while some have 

 spoken of it erroneously, as artificial comb, this name is not in 

 any way applicable. If there is any one thing which I would 

 impress upon you, it is that there is no such thing as artificial 

 comb. There has been for years a premium offered of a thou- 

 sand dollars to anybody who will produce one pound of arti- 

 ficial comb honey. This premium has never been claimed nor 

 is it likely to be. Bee labor is cheaper than human labor. 

 Humans cannot compete. Foundation is, as the name implies, 

 the base on which comb is built. 



It is used merely to save the bees labor and to supply them 

 additional material on which to work. 



In the cells which the bees would normally build on this foun- 

 dation in this frame, would be laid the eggs by the queen which 



