414 FARMING FOR LADIES. [chap. xxi. 



the chum, the milk is put into it : when mea- 

 sured, the plug in the centre, which closes 

 the strainer, is drawn out, allowing the milk 

 to run through an orifice in the bottom to 

 the strainer. Not being patented, it only 

 costs 4s. 6c?., and may be made to any size 

 by a common tinman. 



After straining, to divest it of any impurity, 

 the milk should be left to " set," — for the 

 purpose of raising the cream — in hroad, shal- 

 loio pans, which are by some called " Cool- 

 ers," and by others " Keelers" — formed at 

 one end with a lip, for the more easy pouring 

 out of the milk, and not more than 3^ inches 

 deep ; for more cream will be gathered from 

 these pans than from those which are deeper : 

 though, in the cold of winter, pans of double 

 that depth will throw up a greater propor- 

 tionate quantity than those which are shal- 

 low. If in summer, a little of cold, and in 

 winter of warm water, be put in the bottom 

 of the pan, and the milk poured upon it, the 

 cream will rise quicker than if the milk were^ 

 put in alone. We much prefer the common 

 pans of earthenware, or, where expense is 

 no object, white wedgewood ware ; but many 



