BONES OF THE FACE. 



31 



The upper extremity of this vertical or nasal portion is formed by- 

 two processes separated by a notch which is converted into a foramen, 

 called spheno-palatine,'' by articulation with the sphenoid bone, and 

 transmits the sphenopalatine artery and nerve. The anterior pro- 

 cess is called orbital,^ forming a small part of the orbit between the 

 ethmoid and superior miaxillary. The posterior is the pterygoid 

 apoiihysu^^ extremely thin, in- 

 clines inwards and fits upon the ^^S- ^^• 

 base of the body of the sphenoid. 3 



MALAR BONE. 



Is quadrangular in shape, and 

 forms the prominence of the cheek. 

 It consists of a body and processes. 

 The body has three surfaces, the 

 external or facial of which, has 

 numerous small perforations for ar- 

 teries'' and nerves ; the internal or 

 orbital is smooth and has a notch 

 which limits the spheno-maxillary 

 fissure or foramen lacerum inferius 

 of the orbit ; the posterior forms the 

 anterior boundary of the temporal or zygomatic fossa. 



The superior 2^>'ocess is the frontal,^ for articulating with the exter- 

 nal angular process of the frontal bone. The temporal 'process^ pro- 

 jects backwards to unite in forming the Z3^gomatic arch. The 

 VLcixiUary^^ ^ is triangular and rough for articulating with the 

 malar process of the superior maxillary bone. The bone has 

 also three edges. The superior^ is curved and continuous with the 

 orbital ndge, the inferior gives origin to the zygomatic and mas- 

 seter muscles, and the posterior has the temporal fascia connected 

 with it. 



The malar bone sometimes contains a cavity called the sinus 

 jugalis, especially in Mongolians and Malays. 



NASAL BONE. 



These bones unite with each other^ and are placed between 

 the nasal processes of the superior maxillary bones. The shape 

 is a long quadrangle. The superior extremity is narrow and 

 thick, articulating with the frontal bone. The inferior is thinner 

 and broader, having the cartilage of the nose attached ; the interiial 

 edge articulates with its fellow, and the external has a spiral groove, 

 whereby it is overlapped by the nasal process of the superior maxil- 

 lary above, and overlaps the process below. The anterior surface 

 hns numerous foramina for nutritious vessels ; the posterior contains 

 a groove for the internal nasal nerve. 



