32 BONES OF THE FACE. 



UNGUIFORMBONE. 



Called so from its resemblance to a finger nail (unguis), also called 



lachrymal. It is quadrangular, flat, and small, extremely thin and 



often cribriform. The external surface^ forms a portion of the orbit 



Fig. 17. of the eye, and has a groove in front,^ which completes 



the canal for the lachrymal sac. From its inferior edge 



there projects a triangular process'' which articulates 



with inferior turbinated bone. The edge* ^ ^ articulates 



with the frontal, ethmoid, and superior maxillary bone. 



INFERIOR TURBINATED BONE. 



This is a porous scroll, placed at the inferior 

 1^ part of the nasal cavity below the ethmoid. Its 



posterior end is the more pointed. Its internal surface is convex 

 and looks towards the nose ; the external surface has a broad hook, 

 processus maxillaris,^ which enters the antrum Higbmorianum, and 

 partly closes it. The superior edge has a triangular process called 

 lachrymal, which articulates with the unguis. The portions of the edge 

 in front and behind this process rest upon ridges of nasal process of 

 the superior maxillary and palate bone; there is frequently a process 

 upon this edge which unites with the ethmoid bone. 



VOMER. 



A single bone, forming a large portion of the nasal septum, 

 coasislinsj of two plates of compact structure. It is a flat bone 

 with four^ edges. The superior is the thickest, having a deep groove 

 between two lips (ate) for the reception of the processus azygos of 

 the sphenoid. The inferior is the longest, articulating with the nasal 

 crista of the palate suture. The anterior unites with the ifasal la- 

 mella of the ethmoid, and the posterior is thin, sharp, and concave, 

 separating the posterior openings of the nose. 



INFERIOR MAXILLARY. 



Is also single, having a parabolic curve; placed at the inferior 

 portion of the face. It consists of a body and two rami. The body 

 is convex in front and presents in its middle the anterior mental 

 tubercle or spine, which in youthful life is a suture. On either side 

 of this is a large hole, called the anterior mental^ foramen, trans- 

 mitting a part of the inferior alveolar artery and nerve. The jios- 

 terior is concave and has the posterior mental tubercle in its middle, 

 upon which are two marks on each side, for the genio-hyoglossus 

 and genio-hyoid muscles ; on either side of this tubercle or spine is 

 a fossa for the insertion of the digastricus. Extending backwards 

 from this is a ridge^ called mylo-hyoid, for the muscles of that name ; 

 above this ridge in front is a shallow fossa for the sublingual gland ; 



