54 



CLAVICLE AND SCAPULA. 



Costo-xiphoid Ligament. — Reaches from the cartilages of the sixth 

 and seventh ribs, to the ensiform cartilage. 



A synovial membrane and ligamentous fibres are found between 

 the sixth and seventh, and eighth and ninth, sometimes. 



UPPER EXTREMITY. 

 SHOULDER. 



The clavicle and sternum have interposed a v^^edge-shaped inter- 

 articular cartilage, dividing the joint into cavities, and the whole is 

 surrounded by a strong capsular ligament^ (Fig- 37), which is 



fibrous and thick, looser before 

 than it is behind. 



Inter -clajvicular Ligament? 

 — A ligamentous cord stretch- 

 ing from the end of one clavi- 

 cle to the other. 



Rhomboid Ligament? — A 

 strong, thick ligament, proceed- 

 ing from the upper surface of 

 the cartilage of the first rib 

 obliquely upwards and outwards 

 to the inferior and sternal end 

 of the clavicle. 



Fig. 37. 



CLAVICLE AND SCAPULA. 



Capsular Ligament? — Surrounds the acromion process of the sca- 

 pula, and the external extremity of the clavicle. The fibres upon 

 the upper and lower surface are very distinct. 



Coraco-clavicular Ligament^ (Fig* 38). — Consists of two parts, 

 one of which is called conoid ; it is triangular, vertical, commencing 

 at the root of the coracoid process, and expanding as it ascends, is 

 fastened to the tubercle at the inferior extremity of the clavicle ; the 

 other is called trapezoid ; it is in front of the last, arises at the in- 

 ternal edge of the coracoid process, and proceeds obliquely upwards 

 to a ridge on the lower surface of the external end of the clavicle. 



Bifid Ligament, — Is an aponeurotic expansion, commencing at 

 the coracoid process, terminating upon the inferior surface of the 

 clavicle, and also upon the cartilage of the first rib. It protects the 

 inferior portion of the subclavius muscle. 



Cor aco -acromial Ligament^ (Fig. 38). — Is thick and triangular; 

 the base commences upon the outer edge of the coracoid process, 

 and the apex is fastened to the acromion ; it prevents a dislocation 

 of the humerus upwards. 



Coracoid Ligament* (Fig. 38). — Is a small transverse fasciculus, 



