98 



THE PALATE. 



and corner of the hyoid 



Fig. 80. 



bone. Ivsertion^ into the side of the 

 tongue, some of the fibres reaching 

 its lip. 



Genio-hyo- glossus.^ — Origin, 

 by a tubercle behind the symphysis 

 of the lower jaw. Insertion, into 

 the hyoid bone, and into the whole 

 length of the tongue. 



Lingualis.^ — Origin, from the 

 yellow tissue at the root of the 

 tongue. Insertion, into the tip, be- 

 tween the two last mentioned mus- 

 cles. 



Siiperjicialis linguce. — An indis- 

 tinct layer of muscular fibres on 

 the dorsum of the tongue under the 

 mucous membrane. \t seems to 

 curl the tip upwards. 



Transversaks lingiia}^ — Are 



scattered fibres which pass from 



the middle line to the edge of the 



tongue ; they extend from the tip to the root, and their contractions 



lengthen the tongue. 



Verticales linguce. — These are fibres which extend from the up- 

 per to the lower surface of the tongue. 



THE PALATE. 

 The palate separates the back portion of the nose from the mouth, 

 and is divided into two parts : the hard palaie consists of the palate 

 processes of the superior maxillary and palate bones, covered by 

 mucous membrane, which is continuous with that of the mouth, but is 

 not so vascular or sensitive as that of other parts. It very frequently 

 presents transverse ridges, as well as a ridge in the median line. 

 The soft palate is the membranous separation between the back 

 portion of the mouth and nose, and consists of a fold of mucous 

 membrane stretched transversely. From its middle there projects 

 the uvula^ about three quarters of an inch in length ; from each 

 side of the uvula there are two divergent crescentic folds of mucous 

 membrane, which are called lateral half-arches ; the space between 

 which constitutes the fauces. 



Between the anterior and posterior arches of each side is the 

 Wnsil gland. The tonsil is about the size of an almond, and con- 

 sists of a collection of large mucous follicles. 



Muscles of the palate.— Constricto)' isthmi faucium. — A small 

 muscle placed in each anterior half-arch, arising from the middle 

 of the soft; palate, and inserted into the side of the root of the tongue. 

 It diminishes the opening into the pharynx. 



