108 



LARGE INTESTINE. 



Fig. 90. 



Li\ifO^H*Hf\'i^^J\*ft-;^Vr-is 



from a few lines to a few 

 inches. They consist of a 

 cluster of smaller glands, 

 and hence are often called 

 aggregate7 These are ul- 

 cerated in typhoid fever. 



Besides the villi and 

 glands, the small intestine 

 is found to present through- 

 out its whole surface a great 

 numbei- of follicles called 

 after Lieberkijhn, that are 

 in fact nothing more than 

 interstices between the 

 meshes of veins, which for 

 the most part constitute the 

 internal surface of the mu- 

 cous layer. They are seen 

 in the interstices of the villi. (Fig. 91.) 



The arteries are derived from the superior mesenteric, and the 

 nerves from the solar plexus. 



The small intestine is divided into Duodenum, Jejunum, and 

 Ilium. 



The Duodenum is about twelve inches in length, curved in its 

 direction, and partially deficient in its peritoneal coat, on account of 

 its being received between the two laminae of the colic omentum. 

 Its mucous coat is characterized by its colour, being tinged with bile, 

 and by the great abundance of valvulae conniventes and glands of 

 Brunner. The ductus communis choledochus opens into the duode- 

 num four or five inches from the pylorus, through a small elevation 

 or tubercle. 



The Jejunum (from jejunus, em^pty)^ constitutes two-fifths of the 

 small intestine, and the ilium the remaining three-fifths. Although 

 there is no anatomical reason for this division, it being impossible, 

 from its appearance, to say where the jejunum terminates, or the 

 ilium begins, yet if a portion of the upper extremity of the jejunum 

 be compared with a portion of the lower extremity of the ilium, it 

 could be recognised by its diameter, abundance of valvuloe conni- 

 ventes, and the presence of Brunner's rather than Peyer's Glands. 

 There are frequently blind pouches^ varying in size from one to two 

 inches along the course of this small intestine. 



LARGE INTESTINE. 

 The large intestine is one-fifth in length of the whole intestinal 



