GALL-BLADDER, 



113 



lobulus qiiadratus, constitutes the porta or gateway of the liver. 

 An elongated ridge, running from the lobulus spigelii outwardly,^ is 

 called the lobulus caudatus ; in the angle between the lobulus spi- 

 gelii and the right lobe of the liver, is a deep fissure for the passage 

 of the ascending vena cava.^ 



There arefijur sets of vessels for the liver. 



The hepatic artery is a branch of the coeliac, approaches the 

 liver at the transverse fissure, and divides into two or three large 

 branches previous to entering it. 



The portal vein collects the blood from all the chylopoietic vis- 

 cera, and upon reaching the transverse fissure, divides into two 

 large branches, called the right and left sinuses. 



The hepatic duct, commencing by fine branches in the interior of 

 the liver, is about the size of a small quill, and is also included with 

 the two last vessels by the capsule of Glisson in the transverse fis- 

 sure. 



The hepatic veins commence also by capillaries in the liver. 

 The branches collect and form three large trunks, whose course is 

 backwards towards the posterior notch of the liver. These trunks 

 appear more like channels lined by a thin venous coat, than the 

 ordinary veins. They empty into the ascending vena cava as it is 

 passing through the fissure formed between the lobulus spigelii and 

 the right lobe. 



The structure is best exhibited by tearing the liver ; this shows a 

 granulated arrangement, and each of these granules is usually called 

 a lobule. Each consists of a terminal branch of the portal vein, he- 

 patic artery, hepatic 



duct, and hepatic Fig. 97. 



vein, and in it the bile 

 is primitively secre- 

 ted (see Physiology). 

 The aggregation of 

 these acini, is by 

 means of cellular tis- 

 sue, called the paren- 

 chyma, which may 

 be considered as a 

 continuation of Glis- 

 son's capsule. 



GALL-BLADDER. 



It is placed on the 

 under surface of the 

 right lobe of the liver, 

 and inclines some- 

 what to the right 



10* 



