BLADDER. 



117 



BLADDER. 



The bladder is a musculo-membranous sac for the reception of 

 urine. It is situated in the anterior and middle portion of the cavity 

 of the pelvis, and connected with the umbilicus by means of a kind 

 of ligament called the urachus.^ (Fig. 101.) 



Its shape is oval, the larger end being downwards; in women and 

 children it is more spheroidal. It is divided into a superior and in- 

 ^enox fundus, a body, and neck. 



Its dimensions vary with health and disease. An ordinary 

 healthy bladder will hold nearly a pint. The round ligaments of 

 the bladder were formerly the umbilical arteries, and are contained 

 in a fold of peritoneum on each side of the superior fundus. 



The bladder has four coats : viz., Xk^Q peritoneal, which only covers 

 the posterior part of the body and superior fundus. The muscular coat 

 is thicker than that of the intestine; the fibres are pale, and pass in 

 various directions. The cellular coat is thick and dense, very dis- 

 tensible and impervious to 



water. It connects the Fig- ICO. 



muscular and mucous coats 

 and transmits the vessels 

 and nerves. The mucous 

 coat is of a light pink co- 

 lour,and hasanepithelium. 

 It has numerous follicles, 

 which are exceedingly 

 small. The vesical trian- 

 gle is a space within the ca- 

 vity of the bladder, and in- 

 cluded between the two 

 orifices of the ureters^ and 

 the orifice of the urethra. 

 In the anterior angle there 

 projects in the bladder the 

 uvida vesicce, a promi- 

 nence of the third lobe of 

 the prostate, covered by 

 the mucous membrane. 

 Under the mucous mem- 

 brane of the vesical tri- 

 angle is a plane of fibres,^ connected with the orifice of the ureters,** 

 and ductus ejaculatorius. Surrounding the neck of the bladder is the 

 sphincter vesica, which consists of a semicircular* and a transverse^ 

 set of fibres.^ The latter are composed of yellow fibres. (Fig. 1.00.) 



PENIS. 



The penis conveys the urine from the bladder, and the semen 



