136 



ARTERIES OF THE BRAIN. 



Fig. 117. 



mouth and palate. At first it is 

 horizontal, then ascending, it ter- 

 minates in a horizontal course. 

 Its branches are numerous, and 

 as follow: (Fig. 117.) 



Tympanic,'^ is distributed to 



the tympanum through 

 noid fissure. 



the gle- 



Meningea magna^^ passes 

 through the foramen spinale and 

 becomes the middle artery of the 

 dura mater. 



Menuigea parva,'^ arises from 



the last or near to it, and is also 



distributed to the dura mater, 



having entered the cranium 



through the foramen ovale. 



Infermr dental,^^ descends to the posterior mental foramen, and 



supplies the teeth of the lower jaw, then emerging at the anterior 



mental foramen, anastomoses with the facial. 



Beep iempm-al. — These are two branches distributed to the tem- 

 poral muscles. 



Pterygoid a7id Buccal. — These are muscular branches supplying 

 the muscles and the lining of the cheek. 



Superior dental^ or alveolar^ or maxillary ^^'^ descends, and wind- 

 ing round the tuberosity of the upper jaw, gives oif branches to the 

 molar teeth, antrum, and gums. 



Lifra-orbital,^^ enters the orbit of the eye, and passes along the 

 infra-orbital canal ; it sends branches to the teeth and integuments. 

 Superior palatine,^^ passes through the posterior palatine foramen, 

 and supplies the mouth and palate. 



Superior pharyjigeal,^'" supply the upper part of the pharynx and 

 the Eustachian tube; from it arises the vidian}^ 



Syheno-palatine,^'^ enters the nose through the spheno-palatine 

 foramen, and is distributed by branches to the mucous membrane of 

 the nose. 



ARTERIES OF THE BRAIN. 



The arteries at the base of the brain are derived from the verte- 

 brals and internal carotids. (Fig. 118.) 



The vertebral arteries^ enter the cavity of the cranium through the 

 foramen magnum occipitis, and coalescing, form a thick trunk called 

 the basilar.^ Previous to their union are given ofl" the anterior^ and 

 posterior^ spinal. Sometimes the inferior cerebellar arises from the 

 vertebral also. The basilar pursues its course along the median line of 



