20 FORESTRY IN SPAIN. 



Lagurra to undertake the tour of observation m question, 

 and give his attention to the state of information and 

 mode of instruction, the administration of the forests, and 

 the cultivation and improvement of the Steppes in the 

 Empires of Austria and Russia. 



The report treats also of the instruction given in Austria in 

 the schools and academies of Mariabrunn, Schmnitz, Weis- 

 wasser, Ausee, and Kreuz, comparing it with that given at 

 Villaviciosa, and proposing certain useful modifications in 

 this. It then discusses the forest services of Austria 

 and Bohemia, Hungary and Saxony, together with the 

 instructions in forestry ffiven in Russia, in the School of 

 Practical Forestry in Lissino, and in those of the Steppes, 

 and the general administration of forests in Russia. 



From 1862, the programme of study then instituted, 

 with such modifications as have been indicated, was 

 followed for six years. But by Royal order of 22nd July, 

 1868, approval was given to a new programme of entrance 

 examination to the so-called special schools of the king- 

 dom ; and on the 23rd October of that year there was 

 issued a decree reorganising the special schools of roads, 

 canals and bridges, of mines and of forests. By this the 

 number of studies required in each school was reduced, 

 and there \va,s substituted for instruction in these in 

 elementary and higher mathematics, and a good many of 

 the physical science, entrance examinations on these sub- 

 jects ; and on 24th October, 1870, there was issued the 

 regulation completing what was then begun. The reforma- 

 tion ultimately effected, which arose out of the Acts of 

 23rd October, 1868, and of 24th October, 1870, is what is 

 now in operation, modified only in one or two points by 

 Royal order of 25th May, 1877. By the decree of 23rd 

 October, 1868, the prescribed course embraced a period of 

 three years; by the decree issued under date of 24th 

 October, 1870, it was so extended as to embrace a period 

 of four years ; but by a temporary or provisional arrange- 

 ment it is at present completed in three years. 



