'tttfi SCHOOL OF FORESTS IN THE ESCtflUAL. 3l 



capillary tubes, that of Bohnenberger ; syphons, ordinary 

 double syphon, and that of Porta ; float of De Prony ; 

 funnels, gasometer, spherical float, hydroraetric pendule, 

 tube of Pilot, rheometers of flat paddles, and of Polellu ; 

 Woltman's mill ; different parts of pumps ; pistons and 

 valves of different kinds ; suction pumps, forcing pumps, 

 suction and forcing, and combined rotary pumps of different 

 kinds ; water-wheels with cords, and with chain pumps 

 and buckets ; archimediau screw ; drum ; hydraulic ram ; 

 water-wheels with flat floats, with boxes, with buckets, and 

 that of PoDcelet ; turbines of Fourneyron, and of Koechlin ; 

 wind mills; distributors fixed, and oscilating cylindrical ; 

 Leroy's spring dynamometer; steam engines, different 

 models; Krampton's locomotive. 



The programme of study, under the head of Geodesy, 

 comprises : 1. The determination of the object of geodesy 

 or land surveying. 2. The necessity of a network of 

 triangles, iu order to the determination of the distance of 

 given points on the ground, and the projection of these on 

 the area of the ground. 3. Stations and signals ; a general 

 idea of the superficial figure of the ground ; geographical 

 maps ; a knowledge of the geodesic instruments 

 required in the calculations of the angles of the triangles, 

 different modes of procedure, and causes of error which it 

 is necessary to avoid or to correct in each case. 4. A base 

 line and apparatus for the measurement of it ; the 

 connection oj this, the base, with the triangles of the net- 

 work, arid calculation of the sides of each triangle. 5, 

 Determination of the longitudes and latitudes of the 

 vertices and azimuths of the sides of the triangles, and 

 the distance of the meridian and its perpendicular, 6. 

 Geodesic determination of altitudes ; and barometric 

 levelling, or determination of altitude by barometric 

 observation. 7. Necessity of triangulations of the second 

 order ; difference between this and the first in respect to 

 operations and calculations ; convenience of triangulation 

 of the third order, iu order that a connection may thus be 



