114 FORESTRY IN SPAIN. 



del anno mas favorables, para la recoleccion de los productos, y 

 las vias o medios de exportarios o conducirios a los Mercados 

 Studies in Tannin a memoir for which a prize was 

 awarded by the Royal Academy of Exact Physical and 

 Natural Science, at the public meeting in 1876 ; a prize 

 offered for a paper on the subject of the determination of 

 the intrinsic value of the tanning, or astringent matter in 

 the tannin produced by the vegetables of five or more 

 provinces of Spain, with a statement as precise as possible 

 of the conditions of the vegetables from which the tannin 

 had been obtained, the culture to which the plants had been 

 subjected, their habitat, the season of the year most 

 favourable for the collecting of the products, and the ways 

 and means of exportation and bringing these to market. 



A more important industry in Spain in connection with 

 bark is that of cork, yielded by the Quercus Suber which 

 grows there abundantly; and on this subject also Senor 

 Ceron supplies valuable information, nor is there any lack 

 of special treatises on the subject. 



In regard to the collecting and manipulation of cork- 

 bark, there was printed for private distribution in 1876 a 

 pamphlet, entitled Elcornoque y la Industria Taponera, por 

 Don Primitivo A rtigas y Teixidor, Ingeniero de Monies, Profesor 

 Interino y Ayudante de la Escuela Especial del Ramo The 

 Cork Tree and Cork-Cutting Industry, by Don Primitivo 

 Artigas y Teixidor, Forest Engineer, Interim Professor and 

 Assistant in the School of Forestry. In this information 

 is supplied in regard to the botanical character of the 

 species; and to its different parts; the climatic and other 

 physical conditions of its vigorous growth ; the artificial 

 production or replenishing of cork tree woods ; the area of 

 the growth of the tree ; the exploitation adapted to it ; 

 the secondary products yielded by it; the enemies and 

 diseases to which it is exposed ; and the pecuniary returns 

 yielded by the culture ol it. In connection with the cork 

 industry are detailed the preparation and manipulation of 

 the sheets of bark j the manufactory and improvement ot 



