THE LIBRARY. 1& 



' THE MINISTER OF MARINE. The organisation of this 

 Ministry is analogous to that which exists in the Ministry 

 of War, just detailed, with the difference that the 

 Directions and Inspections of the different institutions and 

 services are connected with the secretariat of the office. 



'In the nomenclature of these Directions, and in the 

 names of the personnel of the navy, may be noted certain 

 variations which it may be well to indicate, that they may 

 not be confounded with those of the army when there is 

 occasion to make use of them. 



'The Directions-General of the Navy, attached to the 

 secretariat of business, are known under the following 

 names : The Directiva Junta, or Council of the Minister ; 

 the Direction of marine engineers ; Direction of armament, 

 expeditions, and stores; Direction of the personnel; 

 Direction of the marine list, and the personnel of crews ; 

 Direction of marine, artillery, and infantry ; Direction of 

 accounts, and of the administrative corps. 



' In the naval military personnel, the gradations of rank and 

 their names are in every respect similar to those of the 

 army, but the major-generals are called chiefs of the 

 squadron or admirals ; the colonels, captains of the navy; 

 the lieutenant-colonels, captains of frigates ; captains, 

 lieutenants of the navy ; lieutenants, ensigns of the 

 navy ; and the cadets, marine guards. 



' In the personnel of the crew, those who attend to the 

 observation and direction of the boats are named pilots ; 

 boatswain and boatswain's mate are names given to 

 kinds of sergeants holding on ship-board a position similar 

 to that of these in the army ; and ship boys and cabin boys, 

 to those of the rank of troopers in the army. In the navy 

 they have only three Captains-general of Departments, 

 which are those of Cadiz, Carthagena, and the Ferrol. 

 Those which exist in foreign provinces are called Com- 

 mandants-general, or Commanders of naval stations. 



' The administration of justice in the navy constitutes a 

 distinct jurisdiction, as does that of the army; and it is 



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