182 MODERN FOREST ECONOMY. 



then standing, the situation, nature of soil, climate, and 

 any other conditions affecting the rate of growth and 

 nature of the crops which it may be advisable to grow in 

 future years. Whilst Uie surveyor is engaged in demar- 

 cating and surveying these blocks, the valuator is employed 

 in making valuations of the standing crop, calculating the 

 annual rate of growth, inquiring into and forming a regis- 

 ter of rights and servitudes with a view to their commu- 

 tation, considering the best plan of working the forest for 

 the future, the roads which it will be necessary to construct 

 for the transport of timber in fact, all the conditions of 

 the forest which will enable him to prepare a detailed 

 plan for future management, and the subordinate plans 

 and instructions for a term of years, to be handed over to 

 the executive officer as his " standing orders." A com- 

 plete code of rules for the guidance of the valuators has 

 been drawn up and printed, in which every possible con- 

 tingency or difficulty is taken into consideration and 

 provided for. Having completed their investigations on 

 the spot, the valuator and surveyor return to head-quarters 

 and proceed to prepare the working plans, -maps, &c., from 

 their notes and measurements. These are submitted to 

 the Board or Committee of controlling officers, who examine 

 the plan or scheme in all its details, and if the calculations 

 on which it is based be found accurate, and there are no 

 valid objections on the part of communities or individuals, 

 pass it, on which it is made out in triplicate, one copy being 

 sent to the executive officer for his guidance, another 

 retained by the controlling officer of the division, and the 

 original at the head-quarter office for reference. The 

 executive officer has thus in his hands full instructions for 

 the management of his range down to the minutest detail, 

 a margin being of course allowed for his discretion, and 

 accurate maps on a large scale showing each subdivision of 

 the forest placed under his charge.' 



With regard to measures adopted to secure natural 

 reproduction of exploited forests, he says : 



