68 The Illumination of Joseph Keeler, Esq. 



wide influences as their neighbours others can do the same. 

 Wherein seem to rest the essential differences in results?" 



"Well, " replied the professor, "you must know, Mr. Keeler, 

 I have in my summer vacations visited the several countries 

 of Northern Europe especially, and what I have noted, most of 

 all perhaps in the Scandinavian countries, is that which Caesar 

 noted and what Tacitus writes about regarding the Teutonic 

 peoples, a simplicity of life, associated with the traditional love 

 for the customs and practices and occupations, which for many 

 centuries have marked every hamlet in these countries. Ger- 

 many since Bismarck's policy of industrialism, based upon direct- 

 ing the energies of twenty-one universities into research work 

 and a high protective tariff for the products of industry, as well 

 as on home-grown food, has made enormous strides in organiz- 

 ing her people until the problem, is now one of feeding the towns- 

 people without bringing in food from other countries, while the 

 stimulus to become industrial has become so great that rural 

 development has proportionately very notably lessened. 



"Sweden like Germany has advanced industrially very no- 

 tably in forty years, but there as in Denmark, a much nearer 

 balance between country and city exists, because the govern- 

 ment systematically develops rural needs as an industrial neces- 

 sity. Although only 12 per cent of Sweden is cultivated, and 

 emigration was for thirty years very large to the United States, 

 yet the great water powers being utilized are greatly develop- 

 ing industries, and farming is rapidly becoming industrialised. 

 The wide areas of rocky hillsides are being made to grow much 

 more stock and the forests have been, and are being, system- 

 atically cultivated for business profits. Dairying, as in Den- 

 mark, is closely associated with sugar-beet growing on the same 

 plan. Everywhere is being clearly comprehended the conver- 

 sion by the producer of his own raw materials into the manu- 

 factured product. Some 23 per cent of all the rural population 

 has only 4 acres, 66 per cent from 4 to 40 acres and the balance 

 80 to 200 acres. 



"This ideal has as yet been realized only in Denmark, where 

 with a population less than Ontario, she had three years ago 

 1,358 butter factories, almost every one of which had ice or 

 mechanical refrigeration to care for their milk and butter. Of 



