TESTACEOUS FISH. 



355 



f their animals, upon shore. Those which 

 are fished up from the deep,, are called by 

 the Latin name Pelagii ; those that are 

 cast upon shore are called Littorales. Many 



FAMILY 1. LIMACINEA. 



Vitrina dongata, pi. 31 . fig. 84. Testacdla Haliotoidea, 

 f. 85. Limax rufus, f. 86. Parmacella Olivieri, f. 87. 

 Onchidium. Destitute of a shell. P. Calyculata, f. 108. 



SECTION II. HYDROBRANCHI^:. 



FAMILY II. LAPLYSIACEA. 



Ddabdla cattosa, pi. 31. fig. 88. Laplysia radiata, f. 

 89. 



FAMILY III. BULLACEA. 



Butta amygdala., pi. 31. fig. 90. BuHaea catena, f. 91. 

 *Utricwlusobtusa,f.HQ. *Akera flencilis, f. 109. Acera. 

 Destitute of a sheil. 



FAMILY IV. CALYPTRACEA. 



Ancylusjluviatilis, pi. 31. fig. 92. Crepidula fornicata, 

 f. 93. Calyptrcea sinense, f. 94. Pileopsis Ungarica, f. 95. 

 Fisuretta Groeca, f. 96. *Sipho striata, f. 1 1 3. Emargi- 

 nulafissura, f. 97. Parmophorus Australia, f. 98. 



FAMILY V. SEMPHYLLIDIACEA. 



Umbrella Indica, pi. 31. fig. 99. Pleurobranchus plu- 

 mula, f. 100. 



FAMILY VI. PHYLLIDIACEA. 



Patella vulgata, pi. 31 . fig. 101. Chiton marginatus, f. 

 102. Chitonellus striatus, f. 103. Phyllidia. Destitute 

 of a shell. 



FAMILY VII. TRITONIACEA. 



Doris, Tethys, Scyllaea, Titonia, Eolis, and Glaucus. 

 Destitute of shells. 



ORDER V. PTEROPODA. 



Destitute of foot and arms ; two opposite fins ; body 

 free. Pneumodermon. Shelless. Cymbulia proboscidea, 

 pi. 31. fig. 104. Limacinahelicialis,L 105. Cleodorapy- 

 ramidata, f. 106. Clio. Destitute of a shell. Hyalcea 

 cuspidata,f. 107. 



CLASS II. CONCHIFERA. BIVALVES. 



Animals soft, inarticulated, without head or eyes, and 

 adhering to a bivalve shell; having external branchiae, 

 simple circulation, and a unilocular heart. 



ORDER. I. MONOMYARIA. 



With one muscular attachment, and one sub ventral 

 muscular impression. 



SECTION I. No LIGAMENT. 

 FAMILY I. BRACHIOPODA. 



Lingula anatina, pi. 32. fig. 1. Terebratula vttrea, f. 3. 

 Orbicula Norwegica, f. 2. 



FAMILY II. RUDISTA. 



Crania striata, pi. 32. fig. 4. Discina ostreoides,f.t>5. 

 (ren. Birostritus, Calicola, Radiolites, and Sphaerulites, 

 fossil. 



SECTION II. LIGAMENT MARGINAL. 

 FAMILY I. OSTRACEA. 



Anomia Ephipphium, pi. 32. fig. 6. Placuna sella, f. 

 7. VulseUa spongiarum, f. 8. Ostrea cornucopia, f. 9. 

 Gryphcea secunda, f. 10. 



FAMILY II. PECTINIDES. 



Podopsis truncata,pl. 32. fig. 11. Spondylus spatulifor- 

 mis, f. 12. Plicatula cristata, f. 13. Pecten radula, f. 14. 

 Phlagiostoma semilunaris, f. 15. Lima fragilis, f. 16. 

 , f. 17. 



of the pelagii are never seen upon shore ; they 

 continue in the depths where they are bred ; 

 and we owe their capture only to accident. 

 These, therefore, are the most scarce shells, 



SECTION III. LIGAMENT ELONGATED AND MARGINAL. 

 FAMILY I. MALLEACEA. 



Meleagrina margaritifera, pi. 32. fig. 18. Avicula obli- 

 qua, f. 19. Malleus vulgaris, f. 20. Perna isognomum, f. 

 2 1 . Crenatula phasianoptera, f . 22. 



FAMILY II. MYTILACEA. 



Pinna elegans, pi. 32. fig. 23. Mytitus Afer, f. 24. 

 Modiola papuana, f. 25. 



FAMILY III. TRIDACNITES. 



Hippopus maculatus, pi. 32. fig. 26. Tridacna squamo- 

 sa, f. 27. 



ORDER II. DlMYARIA. 



Muscular impressions two, separate and lateral. 

 SECTION I. IRREGULAR AND ALWAYS INEQUIVALVE. 

 FAMILY I. CAMACEA. 



Etheria dliptica, pi. 32. fig. 28. Cliama ardnella, f. 29. 

 Diceras arietina, f. 30. 



SECTION II. LAMELLIPEDES. 



FAMILY I. NAYADES. 

 Inhabit fresh water. Iridina exotica, pi. 32. fig. 31. 



ya, pi 

 ta, f . ; 



Anadonta cygnea, f. 32. Hyria corrugata, f. 33. Unio ir- 

 roratus, f. 34. 



FAMILY II. TRIGONACEA. 



Castalia ambigua, pi. 32. fig. 35. Trigonia scabra, f. 3b'. 

 FAMILY III. ARCACEA. 



Nucula tennis, pi. 32. fig. 37. Pectunculus pilosus, f. 

 38. Area tortuosa, f. 39. Cucuttcea auriculifera, f. 40. 



FAMILY IV. CARDIACEA. 



Isocardia Mdikiana, pi. 32. fig. 41. Hiatella arctica, f. 

 42. Cypricardia coraliiopJiaga, f. 43. Cardita crassicosta, 

 f. 44. Cardium elongatum, f. 45. 



FAMILY V. CONCHACEA. 



Venericardia imbricata, pi. 32. fig. 46. *Ortygia sulca- 

 ta, f. 47. Venus verrucosa, f. 48. Cytherea erycina, f. 49. 

 *Exoleta lincta, f. 50. Cyprina Islandica, f. 51. *Lascea 

 rubra, f. 52. Galathea radiata, f. 53. Cyrena fuscata, f. 

 54. Cydas cornea, f. 55. *Pisidium obliqua, f. 56. 



SECTION III. TENUIPEDES. 

 FAMILY I. NYMPHACEA. 



Crassina sulcata, pi. 32. fig. 57. Capsa Braziliensis, f. 

 58. Donax denticulata, f. 59. Lucina carnaria, f. 60. 

 *Mysia rotundata, f. 61. Corbis lamellosa, f. 62. *Arco- 

 pagia crassa,f. 63. Tellinides roseus, f. 64. Tellinapuni- 

 cea, f. 65. Psammotaea variegata, f. 66. Psammobia ves- 

 pertina, f. 67. Sanguinolaria Occidens, f. 68. 



FAMILY II. LITHOPHAGI. 



Venerupis irus, pi. 32. fig. 69. Petricola PTioladiformis, 

 f. 70. Samcava Prcedsa, f. 71. 



FAMILY III. CORBULACEA. 

 Pandora rostrata, pi. 32. fig. 72. Corbula sulcata, f. 



73. 



FAMILY IV. MACTRAC^A. 



Amphidesma Lucinalis, pi. 32. fig. 74. Solemya Medi- 

 terranea, f. 75. *Tellimya suborbicularis, f. 76. Unguhna 

 transversa, f. 77. Erycina striata, f. 78. Crassatella Kin- 

 gicola, f. 79. *Ligula tennis, f. 80. *Muctrina triangula- 



