INSECTS IN GENERAL. 



443 



teration when once they are excluded; but, 

 like the chicken or the duck, remaining inva- 

 riably the same, from their birth to their dis- 

 solution. 



go no metamorphosis ; head distinct ; two antennae, 

 which are longer than the head ; abdomen with a ter- 

 minal forked or filamentary tail. 



FAMILY I. LEPISMEN.E. 



Antennae with many small joints ; palpi produced; ab- 

 domen provided with a series of movable appendages 

 011 each side. Machilia polypoda, pi. 28, f. 1. 



FAMILY II. PODURELL^E. 



Antennae four jointed ; mouth destitute of palpi ; no 

 lateral appendages on the abdomen ; tail forked (used 

 in leaping) while in repose it is folded under the abdo- 

 men. Pudura Ptumbea, pi. 28, f. 2. 



ORDER II. PARASITA. 



With six feet ; no abdominal appendages ; two or four 

 small eyes ; exterior mouth, nipple or snout-shaped, in- 

 closing a retractile sucker ; sometimes having membra- 

 nous lips, with doubly hooked mandibles. 



FAMILY I. MANDIBULATA. 



Having two lips, mandibles, and jaws. Ricinus corvi- 

 coracis, pi. 28, f. 3. 



FAMILY II. SIPHUNCULATA. 



No mandibles ; mouth consisting of a beak, from 

 which a sucker can be protruded at will. Pediculus co- 

 Itu-nicis, pi. 28, f. 4. 



ORDER III. SYPHONAPTERA. 



With a compressed body ; mouth provided with a 

 two-pieced sucker, inclosed between two articulated 

 laminae ; these form a conical or cylindrical beak, co- 

 vered with scales at the base. It consists of but one 

 genus. 



Pulex irritans, pi. 28, f. 5. With an oval compressed 

 body, consisting of twelve segments ; three of which 

 compose the thorax, and the remaining the abdomen ; 

 six feet ; beak, jointed, consisting of two plates inclosing 

 a sucker. 



ORDER IV. COLEOPTERA. 



Having four crustaceous elytra or wings, the two up- 

 per ones in the form of cases, and covering the under 

 ones when at rest, which are folded across ; they are 

 provided with mandibles and jaws for mastication ; the 

 suture betwixt the elytra straight. 



SECTION I.-PENTAMERA. 

 Tarsi with five joints. 



FAMILY I. ADEPHAGI. 



Each jaw with two palpi, in all six ; antennae gene- 

 rally filiform, and simple. Tribe i. Cicendeletae. Ter- 

 restrial. Cicendela octonotata, pi. 28, f. 6. Tribe ii. 

 Carabici. Bracldnus JurincB, f. 7. Tribe iii. Hydro- 

 canthari. Aquatic. Colymbetes marmoratus, f. 8. Tribe 

 iv. Gyrinites. Gyrinus sulcatus, f. 9. 



FAMILY II. BRACHYPTERA. 



Body elongated, narrow ; antennae moniliform ; each 

 jaw provided with a palpus ; elytra shorter than the ab- 

 domen, but covering the wings ; anal appendages hairy. 

 Tribe i. Fissilabri. Oxyporus ntfus, pi. 28, f. 10. Tribe 

 ii. Longipalpi. Pcederus ruficollis, f. 11. Tribe iii. 

 Depress!. Lesteva dichroa, f. 12. Tribe iv. Microce- 

 phali. Taddnus atricapillus, f. 13. 



FAMILY III. SERRICORNES. 

 With filiform or setaceous antennae, tufted, serrated, 



The SECOND ORDER of insects consists of such 

 as have wings ; but which, when produced 

 from the egg, have those wings cased up in 

 such a manner as not to appear. This casing 



or pectinated in the males ; some ending in a toothed 

 club ; upper part of abdomen covered by the elytra, ex- 

 cept in one genus ; tarsal penult joint frequently bi- 

 lobed. Tribe i. Buprestides. Buprestis rujipes, pi. 28, 

 f. 14. Tribe ii. Elaterides. Eiater areolus, f. 1.5. 

 Tribe 

 Tribe iv. 



Tribe v. Melyrides. Malachius emeus, pi 

 Tribe vi. Clerii. Opilo mollis, f. 19. Tribe vii.- 

 Xylotrogi. Hyleccetus Dermestoides, f. 21. Tribe viii. 

 Ptiniores. Anobium tesselutum, f. 20. 



FAMILY IV. CLAVICORNES. 



With four palpi, elytra nearly covering the abdomen; 

 antennae eleven jointed, knobbed at their points ; tarsi 

 five jointed. Tribe i. Hystroida. Hololepta glaLra,pl. 

 28, f. 22. Tribe ii. Peltoides. Necrophorus mallei, f. 



vi. Macrodactyli. Aquatic. Hderocerus maryimdus, 

 pi. 29, f. 28. 



FAMILY V. PALPICORNES. 



Antennae compressed, six or nine jointed, with a per- 

 foliated or solid claviform termination ; body hemisphe- 

 rical, or ovoid ; mentum large ; maxillary palpi long. 

 Tribe i. Hydrophilii. Hydrophilus caraboides, pi. 29, f. 

 29. Tribe ii. Sphaeridiota. Spluzridium scarabaeuides, 

 f.30. 



FAMILY VI. LAMELLICORNES. 



Antennae eight to eleven jointed, but nine or ten the 

 prevailing number, placed in a furrow, short and clavi- 

 form, consisting of pectinated laminae ; two anterior 

 legs externally dentated ; chin large, frequently cover- 

 ing the labium. Tribe i. Scarabaeides. Orydes Chc- 

 vrolatii, pi. 28, f. 31. The animals of this tribe are nu- 

 merous, subject to great variety, and are, in consequence, 

 arranged in six sub-tribes. Tribe ii. Lucanides. Lu- 

 canus cinnamoneus, f. 32. 



SECTION II. HETEROMERA. 



First four tarsi five, and last two four jointed. 

 FAMILY I. MELASOMA. 



Tarsal joints mostly entire ; antennae moniliform, 

 third joint elongated, always inserted under the project- 

 ing borders of the head ; point of mandibles bifid ; in- 

 ternal side of jaws with a tooth or hook. Tribe i. Pi- 

 meliariae. Pimelia vestita, pi. 28. f. 33. Tribe ii. Blap- 

 sides. Blaps mortisaga, f. 34. Tribe iii. Tenebrionites. 

 Crypticus gibbulus, f. 35. 



FAMILY II. TAXICORNES. 



Mandibles bifid at their points ; joints of tarsi, except 

 the anterior four, entire ; antennae length of head and 

 thorax, with claviform tips, and usually partly perfoli- 

 ated. Tribe i. Diaperiales. Diaperis boleti, pi. 29, f. 

 36. Tribe ii. Cossyphenes. Cossyphenes Hoffmansegqii, 

 pi. 28, f. 37. Tribe iii. Crassicornes. Cnodalon nodo- 

 sum, f. 38. 



FAMILY III. STENELYTRA. 



Mandibles sometimes pointed, jaws unarmed ; penult 

 joint of tarsi bilobate, antennae, filiform or setaceous, 

 often longer than the head and thorax. Tribe i. He- 

 lopii. Helops violaceus, pi. 28, f. 39. Tribe ii. Cistel- 

 ides. Cistela sulphu rea.pl. 29, f. 40. Tribeiii. Securipalpi. 

 Melandrya caraboides, f. 41. Tribe iv. CEdemerites. 

 CEdemera podograria, f. 42. Tribe v. Rhynchostoma. 

 Stenostoma rostratu. 



