648 



INDEX. 





when domesticated, 522, n. ; violently affected during 



burdens, ib.; in executions, ib.; instance of the fatal 



exertions of one, ib. ; of retaliation, ib.; of gratitude, 



ib. : ancient and modern commerce in its ivory, ib. 



and .; its teeth or tusks, 528; the fossil species, ib., 



and . 



Elephantiasis, or Arabian leprosy, i. .520. 

 Elizabeth, Queen, her regulations concerning fasting, i. 



186; encouraged the woollen manufacture, i.288. 

 Elk, its country, i. 332 and n.; description of the, ib. ; 



its haunts, ib.; how pursued by the Indians, ib.; 



easily tamed, ib.; size of the, 332, 333; description of 



one shown at Paris, 333; the American, ib.; their 



climate, 334; a hunt of the, described, ib. ; its flesh, 



horns, ib. &c.; diseases, 335 ; mistakes concerning the, 



ib. 



E/ops, or Sea serpent, ii. 299. 

 Ely, country round, deteriorated by the sea, i. 99; said 



to le so named from rents being formerly paid there 



in e.'ls, ii. 2!!8. n. 

 Embalming, early practised, i. 224 ; how performed by 



the Egyptians, ib.; by the Guanches, 225; by the 



Peruvians, ib. ; in France, 228. 

 Embryo, progress of the embryo in lower animals, i. 



157; in man, 157 160. 

 Emigration of birds. See Birds. 

 Emu or American Ostrich, ii. 23; the term now applied 



to the New Holland ostrich, ib. n.; description of the, 



23, 24 ? n. 



Enchelis genus of infusoria, ii. 628. 

 Encoubel-t, a kind of armadillo, i. 471 . 

 England, dogs of, Dr Gains' classification of the, i. 394. 

 E]ihfi)iera, account of the, ii. 48.), and n. 

 E(fuat<>r, earth at the, i. 10. 

 Ermine, its size and description, i. 413; its fur and its 



change of colour, 413, 414; when called the stoat, ib.; 



why its fur refined by cold, 413; its scent and food, 

 * 414; where found and how caught, ib. 

 Erne, a species of eagle, ii. 3.5. 

 Eruptions. See Volcanoes. 

 Esculapian, serpents of Italy, how regarded there, ii. 



Esax. See Pike. 



Eunuchs, barbarous policy in making, i. 1G5; in Italy, 

 ib.; described, 166. 



European race of men, described, i. 213. 



Eustachian tube, hearing by the, i. 1 99. 



Evaporation, investigations regarding, i. 94, n. ; of water, 

 hoi it produces clouds, 129; Hamilton's theory con- 

 cerning, ib.: how affected by heat, ib.; frost, &c. ib. ; 

 how affected by night, 130. 



Expression of the different parts of the human body, i. 167; 

 the face, ib.; the eyes, &c. 167172. 



Evuvwtion, process of, in shrimps, lobsters, and crabs, 

 ii. 328, 330, n.; in insects, 613; singular instance of, 

 ib. 



Eyes, state of them, in man at birth, i. 161 ; their ex- 

 pression, 167; their motions, ib. ; colours, ib.; alone 

 varied, ib.; early formed, 191 ; not exercised immedi- 

 ately after birth, 192; invert objects, ib.; another 

 error in sight, ib.: benefit of having two eyes, 193; 

 state of the, at different ages, 1 9.5 ; accommodate to 

 light and darkness, ib.; physiology of the, ib. .; of a 

 cat, i. 3.56; of birds, their conformation, ii. 3; of in- 

 sects, their varieties and numbers, 614. 



Eyebrows, and eyelashes, their expression, i. 168. 



Eyelids, their use, i. 168. 



Face, human, its energy, i. 167; on what its expression 



depends, ib.; form of the human, how affected, 217. 



falcon kind, used in hawking, ii. 44 and n.; what varie- 



us.-d in the sport, 44; the generous, how distin- 



ushed, 4.5; the gyr falcon, 4.5, n. and 46; peregrine 



lali-on, 4o,. ; the falcon, 46; falcon gentil, ib. f the 



lanner, 47; kestril and merlin, 45, n. and 47; their 

 spirit, ib. ; method of training the, 47 ; method of 

 pursuing and taking different animals, 45; the igno- 

 bler varieties, 48; the secretary falcon, 50, n. See 

 Kite Buzzard. 

 Falcons, the gentle, used in hunting gazelles, i. 314; 



their manner of pursuing, 315. 



Falconry, an ancient sport, ii. 44; the hawk on hand in 

 paintings a mark of rank, ib.; expences of the sport, 

 ib.; how the bird trained for the sport, 47; how dis- 

 tinguished, 44. 



Fallmo-deer, in Scotland, 324, .; distinguished from the 



stag, i. 328, and n.; their properties, ib.; contest of 



the, 328; tamed, ib.; their gestation, ib.; the chase 



of the, 3'29 ; their varieties, ib. ; those of Guiana, ib. 



Fangs, venomous, of the serpent, account of the, ii. 



416. 



Farina of flowers, as seen by the microscope, ii. 598. 

 Fascination, the, of the rattle-snake, account of, ii. 423. 

 Fashion, influence of, i. 174, n. 

 Fauvette, winter, ii. 153, n. 



Fawn, the young of the fallow-deer, i. 329; of the roe- 

 buck, 331. 



Feathers of birds, their position and beauty, ii. 1, 2; for 

 beds, whence obtained, 230; how cured, ib. ; examined 

 under the microscope, ii. 603, 604; feathers of hum- 

 ming birds, 604. 



Female sex, how treated by savages, i. 165, 166; their 



privileges in polished countries, 166; shape of the, 



167; their comparative weakness, 181 ; in general live 



longer than men, why, 205. 



Ferns, their seed vessels, &c., as seen by the microscope 



ii. 600. 



Ferret, its country, i. 4/4; the, described, ib.; its 



climate, 415: prey, ib.; how used in hunting rabbits, 



ib. ; parturition of the, ib. ; sleep of the, ib. ; its smell 



and bite, ib. 



Field-fares, a species of thrush, ii. 138, n.; field-fare of 



Canada, 140, n. 



Figure, human, its proportions, i. 1 76. 

 File-fish, ii. 374, 375. See Pholas. 

 FincJies, account of the, ii. 136 and 156 159, n. 

 Fins of fishes, described, with their uses, ii. 242. 

 Fire, supported by air, i. 115. 

 Fires ofSt Helmo, meteors in Jamaica, description of, i. 



1 34. 



Fire-flare ray, ii. 273; its spine, ib.; terrible to fisher- 

 men, 275 277; ancient fables concerning it, 278; used 

 to head arrows, ib. ; whether venomous^ ib. 

 Fishes, their abodes, ii. 240, 241 ; numbers, ib. : form, 242; 

 fins, ib.; glutinous covering and scales, 243; smelling, 

 ib.; tasting, ib.; hearing, ib. and n.; seeing, 243; eye 

 described, ib.; appetite, 244; maws and digestion, 

 ib.; can endure want of food, 245: yet voracious, ib.; 

 their hostility to one another, ib. ; migrations, ib.; 

 require air, ib.; proofs, 246; use of the gills, ib.; the 

 air bladder and its use, ib.; their age, 247; methods 

 of determining, ib. ; extreme fecundity of, 248 ; gen- 

 eration, ib.; spawn, ib.; classification, ib.; whether 

 nourishing, ib. ; why not salt to the taste, 249 and 

 n.; professor Blumenbach's summary of the charac- 

 teristic qualities of fishes, 240, 241, n.; comparison 

 by baron Cuvier between fishes and birds, 244, n. ; 

 account of the fish usually taken by anglers in Great 

 Britain, 320-323, n. 



Fishing-frog or Angler, described, ii. 288, n. 

 Fistul'aria, the fish described, ii. 301. 

 Flamingo, its class, ii. 1 87 ; properties, ib. ; haunts, ib. ; 

 in what state found by the Europeans in America, 

 ib. ; disposition now, 188; venerated by the negroes, 

 ib. ; untameable, ib. ; flesh, ib. ; flocks of the, ib.; man- 

 ner of feeding, 1 89 ; nests and young, ib. 

 Flat-fish, cartilaginous, ii. 273. 

 Flea, account of the, ii. 455 and n. 

 Floss, the external coating of the silk cone, ii. 511. 

 Flounder or Fluke, described, ii. 301, n.; bearded floun- 

 der, ib. 



Flower, microscopic examination of a, ii. 597. 

 Fluidity, by what bodies possessed, i. 70. 

 Flur-birds, how used by the bird catcher, ii. 131. 

 Fly, account of the house-fly, ii. 487, 489, n. See 



Dragon-fly. 



Flying-fish, a soft- finned abdominal fish,ii. 303; Captain 

 Basil Hall's account of the, ib. n.; pursued by the 

 dorado, 319; in the air by the albatross, ib. 



