INDEX. 



657 



fences, 240; causes of variety among, 240 242; their 

 comparative size in the different "continents, 242 ; 

 their generation, 243, courage and art in defending 

 their young, ib. ; seasons of breeding, ib. ; those from 

 the egg, ib.; those covered with scales instead of 

 hah*, their distinguishing qualities, i. 467 ; amphibious 

 their characteristics, 475; observations on the subser- 

 vience of quadrupeds to man, 561. 



Quadrumana, four-handed animals, the monkey kind, i. 

 489; their comparative advantages, 515. See Monlccy. 



Q.uagya, a species of the horse, described, i. 264, n. 



Quail, the, described, ii. 84 and n.; account of the mi- 

 gration of the, 85; quail-fighting among the Athe- 

 nians, ib.; how caught by a call, ib. 



Queen bee in a hive, ii. 513; never more than one, ib.; her 

 eggs, ib. 



Quito, a city on the Andes, i. 61 ; its height, 62; appear- 

 ance of meteors there, 135: the wild- ass how hunted 

 there, 261. 



R 



Itablit, stages of generation in the, i. 157; distinct from 

 the hare, i. 434; makes holes for security, ib.; said to 

 be originally from Spain, ib. n.', rabbits live in a social 

 state, ib.; care for their young, ib.; love the fields, 

 ib.; sometimes bring forth at a distance from the 

 warren, ib.; description of the apartment in which 

 the female brings forth, 435; the tame, does not 

 burrow, ib. ; various colours of the domestic breed, 

 ib.; account of the production and subordination of 

 some domestic ones, ib.; age of the, ib.; flesh, ib.; 

 multiplication of the, in Spain, ib.; prefers a warm 

 climate, ib.; tame, the larger, 436; the Syrian, ib.; 

 none in America, ib. 



Race, human, varieties in the, i. 209 ; difference, small, 

 ib. ; classification of the, ib. ; several described, ib. ; in 

 the polar regions, ib.; the Tartars, 211 ; Negroes, 212; 

 Americans, 213; Europeans, ib. ; diversified by colour, 

 214, 215; stature, 216; face, ib.; all from one common 

 stock, 217, 218. 



Racoon, called the Jamaica Rat, its description, i. 544; 

 abode, ib.; injurious to plantations, ib.; capable of 

 being tamed, ib.; sagacity of the, ib., n. 

 Raesal, his accurate history of the frog, ii. 378. 

 Rails, account of the birds so called, ii. 197, n.', water 



rail, ib.; land rail, or corn-crake, ib. 

 Rain, how produced, i. 129, 130. 



Rainbow, lunar, seen in the north, i. 136; phenomena of 

 the, 139, n.', solar, its appearance in the polar regions, 

 ib. 



Rain-fowl, ii. 101. See Woodpecker. 

 Rain-water, its impurity, i. 68. 

 Ranking, his account of the Indian elephant, i. 522. 

 Rapacious birds, their adaptation, ii. 28, 29; habits, 29; 



classification, 30, 31. 



Rat, the great, or Norway, or Surmolot, its native coun- 

 try, i. 448; characteristics, ib.; hostility to the black 

 rat, 449 ; extirpated frogs in Ireland, ib. ; its habits of 

 rapacity, ib. ; propagation, ib. ; its enemies, the dog, cat, 

 and weasel, ib.; black, the common, 448; description 

 of the, 450, .; extraordinary numbers of rats at the 

 horse slaughter-houses of Paris, ib.; where found, 

 451; black -water, its distinctions and food, ib.; Ca- 

 nada rat, 454, n. 



German, i. 454. See Cricdiis. 



kind, animals of the, their characteristics, i. 428; 



multiplication, ib. 



musk, varieties of the, i. 454; the desman and pi- 



lori, ib.; the ondatra, described, ib.; disposition and 

 manner of living, ib.; scent of the, ib.; variously es- 

 teemed, ib. 



Rattlesnake, the, described, ii. 421; its rattle, ib.; its 

 mortal bite, 422; symptoms, ib.; fatal cases of its 

 bite, ib., and n. \ remedies, 423; account of its power 

 of fascination, ib. ; proof, ib. 



Raven, its characteristics, ii. 87, 88, and n. ; influence ol 

 climate on the, 8892; the white, 92; reclaimed and 

 trained, ib. ; habits in the tame state, ib. ; in the wild, 

 ib.; reverenced by some, 93: ominous character oi 

 the, ib., n. 



Ray, his classification of animals, i. 231, 232. 

 Ray kind, fish of the, their properties, ii. 273; charac 

 VOL. n. 



teristics, ib.; the sharp-nosed, ib.; thornback, ib.; 

 fire-flare, ib. ; their size, ib.; safety from it, ib.; sto- 

 ries of some of prodigious size, 274; retreats of the, 

 ib.; female and eggs, ib.; fishing of the, how prac- 

 tised at Scarborough, ib.; the Italian method, 275; 

 injurious species, ib.; characteristics of the rays or 

 skate, ii. 276, n. See Slxite. 



Razor-shell, its remarkable hole, ii 369; how taken, ib. 



Redbreast, its note and habitudes, ii. 149 and n. 



Red Sea, nature of its channel, i. 1 02. 



Redshank, the, described, ii. 193, n,; spotted redshank, 

 ib. 



Red-wing, description and habitudes of the, ii. 144, 138, 

 n., 141, n. 



Rein-deer, its country, i. 335; usefulness, ib.; change of 

 hair, colour, horns, &c., 336; endeavour to introduce 

 into Britain unsuccessful, ib., n. ; Lapland, described, 

 ib. ; enemies to the, there, 337 ; how the natives pro- 

 tect it, ib. ; the female, its young and milk, ib. ; how 

 it spends the winter in Lapland, ib. ; said to eat 

 mountain rats, ib., n. ; dependence of the Laplander 

 on the, 338 ; the kinds of the, ib. ; migrations of the, 

 ib., n. ; patience of the tame, 339 ; the milking of the, 

 described, ib. ; their age, 340; uses of the flesh, ib.; 

 milk, ib.; skin, ib.; diseases of the, 341. 



Relish, on what it depends, i. 201 ; how affected by cir- 

 cumstances, 202. 



Remora, or Sucking-fish of the Shark, ii. 272, 292, n. 



Reptiles, their characteristics and classification, ii. 431 

 -435, n. 

 ipiration on mountains, i. 62; of plants, ii. 597. 



Rhine, cataracts of the, 81 ; a part of, lost in the sand, 

 83. 



Rhinoceros, size of the, i. 529; shape, ib. ; horn, ib.,530, 

 n. ; contends with the elephant, 530 ; fables concern- 

 ing the, ib. ; account of that described by Parsons, 

 ib.; age, 531 ; country and haunts, ib.; food, ib. and 

 530; how taken, 531; varieties, ib.; the double -horned, 

 ib. and n. 

 bird, account of the, ii. 101, n. 



Ring-dove, described, ii. 129. 



Rivers, comparative purity of the water of, i. 68; opi- 

 nions concerning their origin, 73, 74; whence supplied, 

 74; in what manner, ib.; their channels, ib., 75; their 

 current, 75; sinuosities increase as they approach the 

 sea, ib.; some with many mouths, ib.; their rapidity 

 how affected, 76; the largest in Europe, 77 and.; 

 in Asia, 77; in Africa, 78; in America, 80, 81 ; cata- 

 racts of, 81; rivers lost in the sand, 83; quantity of 

 water in, 84. 



Roach, how fished for, ii. 322, n. 



Roc of Arabian writers supposed to be the condor, ii. 

 39. 



Rocks formed of infusorial remains, ii. 594. 



Roe-buck, described, i. 330; the haunts of the, ib.; me- 

 thod of running, ib. ; constancy of their attachment, 

 ib. ; their generation, growth, cry, &c., ib., 331 ; va- 

 rieties, 331. 



Roller, a kind of jay, ii. 99. 



Romans, destroyed the British forests,!. 101. 



Rook, the, description of, ii. 90, w.; habits of, 91,.; 

 formation of rook's nests, and general character of 

 the community of a rookery, 93 96, and n. 



Rope-ivalking, elephants taught, i. 526. 



Rud, a small fish, notice of the, ii. 322, n. 



Ruff, the, described, ii. 190196; how taken, 197; and 

 served up, ib. 



Ruminating animals, the class of, i. 268; their habits, ib. ; 

 construction of their stomach and intestines, ib., 269 ; 

 birds, 269; fishes, ib.; insects, ib.; instance of a man 

 ruminating, ib. ; cow kind, ib.; sheep and goat kind, 

 286; deer kind, 318. 



Runner, a name of the corrira, ii. 190. 



Rusfiberg, immense projection of the mountain of, i. 



Rutting season oftlie stag, i. 321. 



Sable, value of its skin, i. 418; its fur described, ib.; 

 its habitudes, 419; country, ib.; scarcity, ib.; hunted, 

 ib.; encouragements to the hunting of, by the Rus- 

 sians, ib. 



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