86 A HISTORY OF GARDENING IN ENGLAND. 



Another example of an arbour or " roosting-place," was one 

 made for Elizabeth of York. " 10 July 1502 Item payed to Henry 

 Smith clerc of the Castle of Wyndsor for money by him payed to 

 a certain labourer to '"make an herbour in the little park of 

 Wyndsor for a banket for the Queen iiijs. viijd." Again, in the 

 eighteenth year of Henry VII. , five shillings were paid for making 

 an arbour at Baynarde's Castle, in London.* 



The ordinary arbour was still like those described in earlier 

 times by Chaucer, with a turfed seat, and trellis covered with 

 climbing plants. One is thus spoken of by a poet of the Tudor 

 period t : 



" The clowdis gan to clere, the myst was rarifiid 

 In an herber I saw, brought where I was, 

 There birdis on the brere sange on euery syde : 

 With alys ensandid about in compas 

 The bankis enturfid with singular solas 

 Enrailed with rosers, and vinis engrapid ; 

 It was a new comfort of sorowis escapid." 



Other resting-places were arranged along the garden-walls, 

 in the form of shady nooks and corners with grass banks to 

 serve as seats, such as that of which More, in his Utopia, 

 makes mention, when he writes : " We all went to my house, 

 and entering into the garden, sat down on a green bank, and 

 entertained one another in discourse." The arbour or garden- 

 house was sometimes of brick, or stone, built like a turret into 

 the wall ; an early example of arbours like this exists at Loseley, 

 in Surrey. There were originally four houses, one at each 

 corner of the garden-wall, and three of these remain. Another 

 interesting garden of this date is at the Palace, Hadham, in 

 Hertfordshire, which, for many hundred years, belonged to the 

 Bishops of London. It was also the dwelling-place of Katherine, 

 widow of Henry V., after her marriage with Owen Tudor, and 

 it was here that Edmund, father of Henry VII. , was born. 

 The garden at the present day is surrounded on two sides by 

 a wall, while the other side is protected by a high yew hedge, 

 three yards thick. 



At the beginning of the sixteenth century, a new flower-bed 



* Wardrobe Accounts. f Skelton, Garlande of Laurell. 



