DAWN OF LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 249 



Addison lived at one time at Bilton, in Warwickshire, and 

 his garden there is not in a " natural style " either. Part of the 

 .garden dates from 1623 5 some of it was altered in the early part 

 of the century, but the arbour used by Addison is still there. 

 It is of classical " Queen Anne " style of architecture, with a 

 straight bench, facing a view of the garden, with nothing rustic 

 about it. There are still, however, in the garden, two old cut 

 yew arbours, also good yew and holly hedges. 



Bridgeman, the other designer of this date, who followed up 

 the ideas of these two writers, was not himself an author like 

 Switzer, so one must look at his work to judge of his ideas. 

 Walpole, writing some years later, praises Bridgeman very 

 highly. He was the successor to London and Wise in the 

 charge of the Royal Gardens, and was, writes Walpole, " far 

 more chaste " than his predecessors. "He enlarged his plans, 

 disdained to make every division tally to its opposite, and 

 though he still adhered much to strait walks with high clipt 

 hedges, they were only his great lines ; the rest he diversified 

 by wilderness, and with loose groves of oak, though still within 

 surrounding hedges. I have observed in the gardens at 

 Gubbins, in Hertfordshire, the seat of the late Sir Jeremy 

 Sambrooke, many detached thoughts, that strongly indicate the 

 dawn of modern taste. As his reformation gained footing, he 

 ventured farther, and in the Royal Garden at Richmond, dared 

 to introduce cultivated fields, and even morsels of a forest 

 appearance. But this was not till other innovators had broke 

 loose too, from rigid symmetry." 



The names of several landscape-gardeners are known in 

 connection with Stow, in Buckinghamshire, each in turn 

 having added something to the place. The garden was looked 

 upon as quite the acme of perfection, by this school of garden- 

 designers. Pope's lines on the principles of landscape gardening 

 are summed up in the one word, Stow : 



" Still follow Sense, of ev'ry art the soul, 

 Parts answ'ring parts shall slide into a whole ; 

 Spontaneous beauties all around advance, 

 Start ev'n from difficulty, strike from chance, 

 Nature shall join you ; time shall make it grow, 

 A work to wonder at perhaps a STOW." 



