DAWN OF LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 257 



referred to in these pages, as the introducer of several plants. 

 The following are among the number: " Bignonia Americana," 

 the Catalpa, which had not flowered in England in 1730 ; the 

 yellow-berried hawthorn (= Crataegus flava), sent from Carolina 

 in 1724 ; the Carolina ash (= Fraxinus caroliniana) " raised from 

 seeds sent over from South Carolina by Mr. Catesby, anno 1724; 

 Tilia Caroliniana (=T. americana) in 1726; the Carolina kidney 

 bean tree (= Wistaria frutescens), 1724, which had only flowered 

 (in 1730) in Robert Furber's garden at Kensington ; the scarlet 

 flowering acacia, and the " Water Acacia " (= Gleditschia 

 triacanthos inermis), both sent home in 1723. 



Mark Catesby was an eminent naturalist. He first 

 collected in Virginia, and being induced by Sir Hans Sloane 

 and others to return to America to work still further in the 

 cause of science, he went out again for some six or seven 

 years, and during his stay sent home seeds from time to time. 

 On his return in 1726, he began his great work,, Natural 

 History of Carolina, Florida, and the Bahama Islands, the 

 first part of which was published 1731. The genus Catesbaea 

 or lily-thorn, was named after him by his contemporary, 

 Gronovius, the Dutch naturalist. 



The most celebrated member of this Society of Gardeners 

 was Philip Miller, keeper of the Chelsea Physic-garden, and 

 author of a well-known Gardener's Dictionary. This work first 

 appeared in 1731, and was so popular, that a seventh edition was 

 brought out in 1759, and it was translated into Dutch, German, 

 and French. Each successive edition shows some progress in 

 the science of botany, and an immense increase in the number 

 of foreign plants. In the seventh edition, Miller adopted the 

 Linnaean system of classification. Miller had become acquainted 

 with the great Swede during his visit to England in 1736. 

 It was the year following that Linnaeus' first great work, 

 which revolutionized classification, Genera Plantarum, appeared. 

 Miller was a man well suited to the work he undertook; he 

 was both practical and scientific ; he first followed the system 

 of Tournefort, then that of Ray, but was sufficiently learned 

 and clear-sighted to go with the times, and adopt the improved 

 nomenclature of Linnaeus. The quantities of new plants coming 



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