DAWN OF LANDSCAPE GARDENING. 259 



in y e halfway of y e wall ; y e fires are lighted every night." * 

 Philip Miller had a method of forcing apricots and cherries 

 by nailing the trees on to a screen of boards, facing south, 

 covering the front with glass, and piling up the back of the 

 boards with a hot bed. 



Rose is said to have raised a pine-apple in England, and 

 presented it to Charles II., but for many years that remained a 

 unique specimen and an unrivalled feat. The culture was not 

 understood until this period. Henry Tellende, gardener to Sir 

 Matthew Decker, at Richmond, was the first who brought the 

 41 Ananas or Pine Apple to rejoice in our climate." t Before 

 long, several growers gave their attention to Pines, and within fifty 

 years books entirely devoted to their culture, found ready sale.J 



Fairchild, at Hoxton, and Green at Brentford, had two of 

 the best fruit gardens, the latter being exceptionally good for 

 figs. But it was more especially in vegetable culture that 

 great advances were made. There had for long been a fair 

 supply of vegetables in England ; but when anything special, 

 anything early, or out of season, was wanted on great 

 festive occasions, it was procured from abroad, chiefly 

 from Holland. But enterprising gardeners, early in the 

 eighteenth century, began to make attempts at forcing greens 

 and salads, asparagus, and cucumbers. The first to raise the 

 latter in the autumn for fruiting in winter was Fowler, gardener 

 to Sir N. Gould, at Stoke Newington. He presented George I. 

 with two fine cucumbers on New Year's Day, 1721. Samuel 

 Collins, in 1717, wrote a Treatise on the culture of melons and 

 cucumbers, suggesting various glasses and frames, for their 

 protection. The following is quoted from Bradley, and gives 

 the names of some of the pioneers in early forcing : " The 

 first which are Kitchen Gardens and exceed all the other gardens 

 in Europe for wholesome Produce and variety of Herbs are 

 those at the Neat-Houses near Turtle-fields, Westminster, which 



* Diary of a Tour in 1732 made by John Lovvday of Caver sham, ed. by 

 his Grandson. Roxburghe Club, 1890. 



f Bradley, Dictionarium Botanicum, 1728. 



| Ananas, a Treatise on the Pine Apple, by John Giles, 1767. A Treatise 

 on the Anana, by Adam Taylor, Devizes, 1769. Treatise on the Pine Apple, 

 by W. Speechley, 1779. 



17* 



