58 



HISTOEY OF HEREFOKD CATTLE 



some little time, bean and pea-meal mixed, 

 added among the grain, beginning with a small 

 proportion and increasing by degrees to one- 

 fourth of meal to the grains. The 4th of April, 

 1789, Mr. Adams, the salesman, sold the ox to 

 Mr. Cowldry, at Greenwich, who took him to 

 show at Smithfield, and afterwards brought 

 him to Greenwich again. It was remarked that 

 he walked as well and as easily as any ox com- 

 monly fat, and his appetite as good as a lean ox, 

 readily eating any hay or potatoes given him, 

 and as readily the straw thrown to him for lit- 

 ter. 



PARADISE VILLA, MARDEN, NEAR HEREFORD, 

 WHERE JOHN HEWER DIED IN 1875. 



Measure. Feet. In. 



Length from poll to end of rump 8 3 



Height 5 2 



Girt round the first rib 10 6 



Plumbed to the outside of each first rib 3 3% 



Girt behind the shoulders 9 .0 



Plumbed across the hips 2 9*4 



Ditto the shoulders 2 8V 2 



Ditto the end rump, or tutts 1 4^ 



Round the leg below the knee 9 



Round the hind leg below the hock 11 



Weights: Live weight was 3,360 pounds. 



The carcass dressed was : Fore-quarters, 

 1,016 Ibs.; hind-quarters, 896; total fore and 

 hind-quarters weighed 1,912 Ibs. Fore-quarters 

 weighed 120 Ibs. more than the hind-quarters. 

 Tallow weighed 228 Ibs. The hide was not 

 weighed, but Mr. Cowldry supposed that it 

 weighed 120 Ibs. The tongue weighed 12 Ibs.; 

 heart weighed 9 Ibs.; the neck pieces weighed 

 20 Ibs.; leg pieces weighed 18 Ibs. Mr. Cowldry 

 said, the blade was not thick or of more weight 

 than one of a beast of only 640 Ibs., but the en- 

 trails were much less than it were commonly in 

 beasts of small size, and the liver was less than 

 any he had ever met with in any full grown 

 beast. Middle sirloin, 62 Ibs., sirloin for roast- 

 ing, 48 Ibs.; decrease, 14 Ibs. This ox was sold 

 for 70 ($350). 



The following is a letter on the breeds of 

 cattle, by Mr. Campbell, in 1790: 



"Charlton, Jan. 2d, 1790. 

 "To the Editor of the 'Annals of Agriculture:' 



"Sir : When you favored me with a letter on 

 receipt of mine, on the 29th of April last, you 

 wrote me that you had seen the advertisement 

 of my famous ox, which you said 'was not 

 much to the purpose, in proving the butcher's 

 opinion, if he did not keep an account of the 

 product of all its parts; offal, hind and fore- 

 quarters, tallow, etc., and that such a particu- 

 lar would, with the live weights, be valuable 

 for the Annals/ In consequence of which I 

 should have sent such particulars, but that Lord 

 Sheffield informed me that he had sent them to 

 you, telling me at the same time that you were 

 then gone on a tour abroad. Hoping that you 

 are returned well, and may now again be some- 

 what at leisure for such correspondence as I 

 wish to trouble you with, I will beg leave for a 

 few words in justification of the advertisement 

 and the butcher's opinion you alluded to, and 

 which you have before known to be mine also. 



"The advertisement 'presumes that the exhibi- 

 tion of that ox would sufficiently prove it to be 

 a mistaken notion and direction, that the belly, 

 shoulder, and neck, should be light, and that if 

 a beast has a disposition to fatten or to be 

 heavy in those, it would be found a deduction 

 from the more valuable parts.' 



"You, and everybody conversant on these mat- 

 ters at all, know that any person, though but a 

 tolerable judge, could find out, by view and 

 handling a beast alive, whether it was defective, 

 either in proportionable weights or fatness on 

 any piece of the whole carcass. If, therefore, 

 a beast is exhibited and submitted to such ex- 

 amination, which will be found by everybody 

 who does so examine it to excel both in weight 

 and fatness on these forbidden parts, and it is 

 also found that so far from such excellence 

 being at the expense of, and being found a de- 

 duction from, the more valuable parts, that 

 those more valuable parts are also in the same 

 beast, excellent both as to weighty valuable sub- 

 stance and fatness, I. cannot conceive how it 

 can be denied to be sufficient proof of the fal- 

 lacy of the above quotation. 



"When I had the pleasure of showing that 

 very ox to you at this place I did not under- 

 stand that you thought the beast defective in the 

 weight or fatness, on any of those valuable parts, 

 or on any part of the whole carcass. You will re- 

 member I had at that time declared to you how 

 much I disliked such partial rules for breeding 

 cattle ; and I really then wished much that if 

 you did not see convincing facts in that ox that 



