108 



HISTORY OF HEREFORD CATTLE 



those experiments were before the writer of 

 that history, but were not used because not 

 satisfactory to the Shorthorn breeders. We 

 have shown that the Herefords and Shorthorns 

 were in competition before the Smithfield for 

 thirty-six years; and the Herefords had taken 

 ninety-three premiums equal to $7,060 on oxen, 

 while the Shorthorns had taken only thirty- 

 seven premiums, amounting to $3,275, and 

 these facts were not noticed by the writer of 

 that, hi story. 



We have shown that in the London market, 

 at the time that history was written, the Here- 

 ford beef was selling at a half penny (one cent) 

 to a penny (two cents) a pound more than 

 Shorthorn beef, and that the writer of this his- 

 tory did not note this fact. We have shown 

 that he quoted the sales of Shorthorns by Mr. 

 Arrowsmith between 1801 and 1808, ranging 

 per head from $80 to $175, and that he neglect- 

 ed to quote the sales of Herefords made by Mr. 

 Westcar between 1799 and 1811, ranging from 

 $500 to $737 (fl 74 E). From these and similar 

 facts we have charged that the history was writ- 

 ten in the interest of Shorthorn breeders and we 

 shall be supported in this view by all impartial 

 men. We have not the data to enable us to 

 dissect the action of the Royal. We have given 



one case in which the Herefords won at their 

 first meeting, and that, when the Shorthorns 

 claimed the greatest strength; and shown that, 

 from that time, they did not bring their cattle 

 into competition with Herefords as milkers. 



In later years there has been no question as 

 to the bias of the Royal in favor of the Short- 

 horns, and whatever breeders in this country 

 may claim, English breeders will hardly ques'- 

 tion our statement. As to the New York So- 

 ciety, we shall present conclusive testimony to 

 show that it was managed entirely in the Short- 

 horn interest. We might refer to other socie- 

 ties, as the state societies of Ohio, Kentucky, 

 Indiana, Michigan, Iowa and Illinois, and 

 many others, but for the present we propose to 

 leave them out. 



In 1835 the only reliable experiment, that of 

 Smithfield, showed the Herefords to be the best 

 cattle. Reliable records of trials of the Here- 

 fords and Shorthorns in every instance showed 

 the former to be far in advance of the latter. 

 The London market showed the value of the 

 Hereford to be 10 per cent over the Shorthorn, 

 and these facts were ignored by the writers of 

 the "History of British Cattle." From 1836 to 

 1840 inclusive, before the Smithfield Society, 

 the Hereford bullocks- took thirty-seven prem- 



TI69 



FIRST PRIZE HEREFORD OX AT SMITHFIELD, 1846. 

 (Bred by T. Roberts, of Ivingtonbury, Herefordshire; exhibited by Mr. Trinder.) 



