HOWIETOUN. 199 



cause great trouble. The sides are next covered with flooring in 

 the same manner at the bottom, and a plug-hole bored over the 

 drain. The outlet of the pond is made by leaving two uprights a 

 little farther apart than usual, and a rectangular wooden spout of 

 convenient size is fitted between them. The flooring is brought 

 tight against this, so as to form a tight joint. In the 60-feet pond 

 no inlet was left, the water being brought in over the top end 

 (Fig. 150). A cope of 3-inch plank was fitted all round the pond, 

 the edges being aitched off, a,nd the upper side of the plank 

 rounded so as to throw off the rain. The whole inside woodwork 

 was charred thoroughly, and the outside, above the ground-level, 

 painted ; the cope stood nearly 1 foot above the ground, and a 

 board was nailed on to the standards to finish to the ground. 



The water was brought in a trough along the end of the pond. 

 One end of the trough was connected with the supply by a pressure 

 joint, so that the water passed under the path and rose through 

 the zinc screens forming the lids of the trough, and fell into the 

 pond over the end in a single sheet. A hole was bored at the end 

 of the trough in the bottom to clean it, and a moveable sluice was 

 provided for the end joining the supply, so that the water could 

 be cut off when necessary. 



The 60-feet pond afterwards served as a model for the 130- 

 feets. The method of construction has several advantages. 1st, 

 The great saving of space, besides being perpendicular, and only 

 between 7 and 8 inches in thickness, and the sides being perpen- 

 dicular, some portion of the bottom is always in shade ; the dis- 

 advantages are, from the necessarily great depth all over the 

 bottom of the pond they cannot be used for levenensis or fario 

 fry, although fontinalis and char will thrive in those ponds almost 

 from the yolk-sac stage. Again, they cannot be used for large 

 trout, as, from the depth of water at the sides, the fish can spring 

 to a height of 2 or 3 feet, thus making them most difficult to 

 retain in the pond. 



Nor will the heightening of the sides materially assist in the 

 solution of this difficult question : by fixing on a sufficient height 

 of boarding, the fish may indeed be maintained in the pond, while 



