HORTICULTURE IN MAINE. 19 



and other trees are mentioned in an interesting History of 

 Orcharding in Maine in the First Annual Report of the Secre- 

 tary of the Maine State Pomological Society, from which the 

 above facts are taken, showing that the first settlers immediately 

 engaged in the planting of orchards. From the same source we 

 learn that John North, who came from Ireland about 1730, and 

 settled in what is now Bristol, not only set out apple trees, but 

 cultivated a garden ornamented with shrubs and flowers. The 

 cellar of his house may be seen at the present day, surrounded 

 by shrubs, the damask rose, primroses, and barberry bushes, and 

 some very old trees. The ox-eye daisy, or whiteweed, was culti- 

 vated in the garden, and spread from it over the farms. To Ben- 

 jamin Vaughan, M.D., LL.D., and his brother Charles Vaughan, 

 the State of Maine is indebted for early attempts at agricultural 

 and horticultural improvement. They were Englishmen by birth, 

 and came to Hallowell in 1796, where they established upon their 

 farm an extensive garden, a large orchard, and a nursery of fruit 

 trees, in which not only the common fruits and vegetables, as well 

 as nut-bearing and ornamental trees, were cultivated, but new 

 sorts, imported from Europe, were tested, and, if they proved 

 valuable, disseminated throughout the State, where, especially in 

 Kennebec County, the good effects of their labors are still to be 

 seen. Their head gardener, John Hesketh, came to this country 

 in 1797, having previously been head gardener at Knowesley Hall, 

 the seat of Lord Derby, and two j^ears later he was employed *by 

 the Vaughans. His knowledge of fruits, plants, and flowers, and 

 of the principles of landscape gardening, was very thorough for 

 the time. Dr. Vaughan was a distinguished member of the 

 Massachusetts Society for Promoting Agriculture, and, under the 

 signature of " A Kennebec Farmer," contributed largely to its 

 publications. 1 Ve^ early in the present century Ephraim Goodale 

 established a nursery for the propagation of trees, undoubtedly the 

 first in the State, in the present town of Orrington. 2 Dr. Vaughan 

 and Mr. Goodale were honorary members of the Massachusetts 

 Horticultural Society. 



Besides the pear trees which have come down to us from .Govs. 

 Endicott and Prince of Massachusetts was the well-known tree 



1 The Agriculture, Natural History, and Industry of the County of Kennebec, by 8. L. 

 Boardman. 



2 First Annual Report of the Maine State Pomological Society, p. 13. 



