FRUITS IN 1814. 43 



high, whose huge trunks and wide-spread branches are densely 

 wreathed and draped with English ivy, and many other interesting 

 features, the whole estate being now included in the new Fair- 

 mount Park ; Clermont on the Hudson, the show place of the 

 last age, then the seat of Chancellor Livingston, partaking of the 

 French style ; the manor of Livingston, near the city of Hudson ; 

 and Montgomery Place, near Banytown, N.Y., originally the resi- 

 dence of Gen. Montgomery, the hero of Quebec, and afterwards 

 of Edward Livingston, with its grand natural scenery, arboretum, 

 conservatory, and one of the most perfect flower gardens in the 

 country. 1 



A writer in the Massachusetts Agricultural Repository 2 fur- 

 nished the following list of the best varieties of fruits, and re- 

 marked, that as much greater encouragement had been given in the 

 metropolis to the raising of good fruit than previously, and as the 

 inhabitants of our great towns began to discriminate the varieties, 

 and to pay liberal prices for the best, it was hoped and expected 

 that greater attention would be paid by cultivators to the quality of 

 the fruits which they raised. It was thought that there was then 

 in the State nearly every good variety of the pear known in France. 



Peaches, Early Ann, White Magdalen, Red Magdalen, Noblesse, 

 Old Newington, Swalch, Catherine, Lemon Clingstone, Vanguard, 

 Blood. 



Cherries, Mayduke, English, Black Heart, Bigarreaus, Black 

 Tartarian. 



Apples, Rhode Island Greening, Red Nonsuch, Nonpareil, New- 

 town Pippin, Roxbury Russet, 8 Spitzenberg, Baldwin. 4 



Pears, Little Muscat, Catherine, Jargonelle, Summer Bergamot, 

 Brockholst 5 Bergamot, Brown Beurre, St. Michael, Monsieur 

 Jean, Rousseline, Winter Good Christian, Virgouleuse, Colmar, 

 Chaumontelle, St. Germain. The last is described as the most 

 profitable, the most uniformly good, and the best for keeping. 



1 Downing's Landscape Gardening, sixth ed., pp. 26-33. 



Vol. III., 1814, p. 92. 



8 The Roxbury Russet probably originated in Roxbury soon after the settlement of the 

 country. The first settlers of Stonington, Conn., went from Roxbury as early as 1649, and 

 tradition states that they brought this apple at a very early date. It has been more largely 

 planted in Eastern Connecticut than any other variety, and there are trees a hundred years 

 or more of age still standing there. Letter of Rev. W. Clift of Stonington. 



4 The Baldwin had then recently been brought into notice. The original tree stood, 

 probably, in Wilmington, though one account locates it in Tewksbury. It first fruited about 

 the middle of the last century. 



5 Brocas? 



