42 METHODS OF TREATMENT [CH. 



This pine seeds freely every year, and reproduction takes place 

 very easily on the loose sandy soil. The working of- the forest is 

 based entirely on area. Annual coupes are laid out, rectangular 

 strips lying at right angles to the wind. Each year the coupe of 

 the year is clear-felled, and the area regenerates itself naturally 

 from seed on the ground. The working-plan lays down the pro- 

 cedure to be followed in tapping for resin. The rotation is 

 seventy-five years. For the first fifty years, thinnings are made 

 quinquennially, and the trees to be removed are tapped for 

 one season before being felled. From fifty to seventy years of 

 age the whole crop is tapped lightly, and then during the last 

 five years before the felling, the trees are all tapped as intensively 

 as possible. The forest is carefully fire-protected. The preparation 

 of a working- plan for a pine forest worked for turpentine requires 

 a detailed knowledge of the local conditions of soil and climate 

 affecting the growth and regeneration of the pine, and also of 

 the production of resin, and the best method of collecting it. 

 This is an instance of a special industry in which commercial 

 experience, as well as silvicultural knowledge, is necessary. 



With local experience of these matters, the drafting of rules 

 for a working-plan of this type of forest offers no particular 

 difficulty, as the working scheme is a very simple one. 



40. Clear-felling with artificial re-stocking. 



This method, which is a very common one in Britain, is easy, 

 but expensive, and is only suited to small areas, such as privately 

 owned woodlands. There is often a danger of injury from insect 

 pests. From the point of view of management, this method offers 

 no difficulty. The yield would in most cases be regulated by area, 

 on which basis the whole plan would be drawn up. 



A plan of progressive clearing and re-planting by area would 

 be drawn up for the next twenty years or so, while periodic 

 tending operations and improvement fellings would have to be 

 prescribed year by year for the other parts of the forest. 



41. Strip-felling. 



Strip-felling resembled clear-felling with natural regeneration, 

 except that we have here a succession of regeneration fellings 

 under a shelter-wood instead of a single clear-felling. The 

 working is based on area, and the annual coupe is a long narrow 



