60 



years the raspberry plants will begin to fail, unless some stimu- 

 lating manures are applied and worked into the soil. If this is 

 seasonably attended to, and repeated as often as required, the 

 plants will yield profitable crops for eight or ten years. The 

 wide-awake fruit-grower will not forget to have new plantations 

 in fresh soil coming forward, in the mean time, to supply the 

 places of those that are to be rooted out. 



PROPAGATING THE RASPBERRY. 



The red raspberry propagates itself rapidly by sending up 

 numerous sprout-suckers, as they are often called, from their 

 roots, while the Black-Cap, when allowed to grow without prun- 

 ing, produces long, slender canes too slender to support them- 

 selves in an upright position, and droop so much that by August 

 or September the ends will be found trailing on the ground. If 

 at this season the ends are weighted with small stones or clods 

 to prevent their being agitated by the wind, they will take root 

 in a few days, and form what are known among nurserymen as 

 "tip plants." These plants are also formed on the lateral 

 branches that push out on all sides of the main cane as soon as 

 the tips touch the ground. Fig. 24 represents a plant of the 



Fig. 24. 



Black-Cap raspberry that has been cut back at a, a, while one 

 cane has been allowed to grow without pruning or " pinching 

 in," as it is usually termed, to show its habit under neglect. 

 The branches of the central canes have been covered and taken 

 root, as shown at c, and the germ of a new plant is seen at the 

 surface of the ground. When these plants have beceme rooted, 

 which may be easily determined by a slight pull on the branch, 

 they may be cut from the mother plants, as shown by the marks 



