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face in a grapery checks the mildew without fail. Sulphur scat- 

 tered on the ground on the sunny side of a grape trellis will 

 sometimes ward off mildew, or retard its progress. 



If rot and mildew are of fungus origin, as is generally admit- 

 ted, it is easy to understand why they become more prevalent 

 and fatal under certain climatic and other conditions. Of course 

 no one can control the elements, and we can only escape the 

 consequences of adverse conditions of the season by planting 

 out such varieties as are usually exempt from mildew, and by 

 the selection of a soil and location best adapted to a healthy 

 growth of the vine. We want a warm, well-drained soil, with a 

 " south side" exposure, and so far elevated as to admit of a 

 free circulation of air ; and in this way we may escape the fogs 

 and frosts that are peculiar to and prevalent in the valleys. 



Mr. William Saunders, a very intelligent horticulturist, says 

 the best grape climates are those where there are least dews, 

 and wherever we find specially favored localities we will find 

 this partial or total exemption from heavy dews. This has long 

 ago been demonstrated, and new grapes emanating from favored 

 regions will fail to give entire satisfaction when grown in local- 

 ities less favorably situated, and thus lead to disappointment. 

 This is the reason for so many seemingly conflicting opinions 

 regarding the merits of varieties, and it is unfortunate that 

 these considerations are not better understood and recognized. 

 When a young grape-vine loses its foliage by midsummer, and 

 the green shoots remain unmatured till frost, that variety might 

 as well be discarded at once. No known methods of pruning, 

 fertilizing, or care in cultivation will help it. The only known 

 remedy is shelter, arranged so as to arrest radiation of heat 

 from the foliage during nights. 



The next most important matter will be to supply plant-food 

 of a kind and in such quantity only as will produce a moderate, 

 healthy, annual growth. This subject has been sufficiently dis- 

 cussed on another page. 



Frequent and rather close pruning of laterals will cause a 

 more full and healthy development of foliage on the leading 

 canes, and such foliage will be usually able to withstand the 

 attacks of disease. Dry, hot days, succeeded by cool, foggy 

 nights, are trying to all varieties having delicate leaves. A vine 



